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Letters to the Editor

机译：给编辑的信件

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Some of the readers of Irish Forestry may have noticed Ben Haugh's piece on "The scourge of conker canker" in the Irish Mail on Sunday, 20th September 2015. In short, the article dealt with the increasing threat to Irish trees from non-native pest and pathogens, and featured an interview with the author Thomas Packenham. While I was very glad to see plant health issues getting such popular coverage, I do have some reservations over the tone and one of the conclusions of the piece. The aim of this letter is not to critique the newspaper article; rather I feel it offers a good opportunity to provide an alternative opinion to that of the article. In my opinion the conclusion of the article was rather defeatist in tone, conceding that the place of native Irish trees in Irish forestry may be finished. The article encouraged importing and planting non-native tree species to counteract the effects of the non-native pests and pathogens. This conclusion is based on the premise that these nonnative trees have co-evolved with the non-native pest or pathogen in the region of origin, and so have a higher degree of resistance to the pest or pathogen than our native tree species. This is certainly true in some cases, as experiments and field observations have shown that ash species (e.g. Fraxinus manshurica) from the region of origin of the ash dieback pathogen (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) show little or no disease symptoms when "infected" with the fungus. Using a co-evolved ash species (e.g. F. manshurica) instead of our native European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) in future plantings may ensure most of the trees will not succumb to ash dieback. however there is also the possibility that resistance to the pathogen already exists in our native ash population, as has been shown in Denmark. Indeed, preliminary results of the multi-institute UK funded research project NORNEX have shown high frequency of resistance genes in the UK F. excelsior population.
机译：爱尔兰林业的一些读者可能已经注意到2015年9月20日星期日在爱尔兰邮政的“康柏溃疡祸了”的读者。简而言之，这篇文章处理了对来自非本地人害虫的爱尔兰树木的威胁日益威胁和病原体，并有一个接受作者Thomas Packenham的采访。虽然我很高兴看到植物健康问题获得了如此流行的覆盖，但我确实有一些关于音调的保留和这件作品的结论之一。这封信的目的不是批评报纸文章;相反，我觉得它为文章提供了替代意见的良机。在我看来，这篇文章的结论是语气的击败主义者，并承认爱尔兰林业的原住民树木的地方可以完成。文章鼓励进口和种植非本土树种，以抵消非本地害虫和病原体的影响。该结论基于这些非天然树木在原产地的非本地害虫或病原体中共同进化的前提，因此对害虫或病原体具有比我们的本地物种更高的抗性程度。在某些情况下，这肯定是真实的，因为实验和现场观察结果表明，来自灰烬沉淀物的原产地（Hymenoscyphus Fraxineus）的灰分（例如fraxinus manshurica）在用真菌“感染”时显示很少或没有疾病症状。在未来的种植中使用共同进化的灰分（例如F.Manshurica）而不是我们的本土灰烬（Fraxinus Excelsior）可能会确保大部分树木不会屈服于灰烬。然而，由于在丹麦显示，我们的本土灰分中已经存在对病原体的抵抗力也存在。实际上，多学院英国资助研究项目Nornex的初步结果显示了英国F. Excelsior人口的高抗性基因频率。

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    《Irish Forestry》 |2017年第2期|共5页
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