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首页> 外文期刊>Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science >Properties of a sandy clay loam Haplic Ferralsol and soybean grain yield in a five-year field trial as affected by biochar amendment
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Properties of a sandy clay loam Haplic Ferralsol and soybean grain yield in a five-year field trial as affected by biochar amendment

机译：Biochar修正案影响的五年外审判中砂岩壤土的性质和大豆产量

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Biochar may increase soil fertility and crop yield by enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC), nutrient availability and water retention. However, the mechanisms through which biochar effects crop yield at field scale and the time span over which biochar can affect soil properties and crop yield are still little known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of wood biochar as soil amendment, combined with the application of synthetic fertilizer in a zero-tillage system, on soil physical-chemical properties and soybean grain yield in a 5-year field trial settled on a sandy clay loam Haplic Ferralsol of the Brazilian savannah. Immediately after biochar application (year 0), soil pH and plant available water (PAW) increased and Al3+ and bulk density (BD) decreased linearly with biochar application rate. Later, in year 5, biochar had no effect for PAW and BD increased with biochar rates. The SOC was not affected until the third year after application, but increased linearly with biochar rates at 4 and 5 years after its application. Macro-porosity (MAC) was affected in a quadratic manner reaching a maximum at 8 Mg ha(-1) biochar rate in years 0 and 2, however in year 5 it decreased with increasing biochar rates. Soybean grain yield increased with biochar rates until the third year after its application. There was almost no interaction effect of biochar and synthetic fertilizer; except for potassium (K+) availability and grain yield in year 3. Possible control mechanisms of biochar effect on soybean grain yield through its effect on soil fertility and physical-hydraulic properties are discussed. The effect of biochar on soybean yield depended on multiple independent factors that included soil and environmental variables. Because of this its effect on yield was variable through the years, which makes it rather unpredictable. Biochar, however, may have an important contribution to sustainable production through enhancing the effect of conservation soil management, like the use of green manure or mulching, on SOC accumulation.
机译：通过增强土壤有机碳（SOC），营养可用性和水保留，BioChar可以提高土壤肥力和作物产量。然而，生物炭效应在现场规模和生物炭可能影响土壤性质和作物产量的时间跨度的机制仍然令人着重。本研究的目的是评估木材BioChar作为土壤修正的效果，结合合成肥料在零耕作系统中的应用，在一个5年的田间试验中的土壤物理化学性质和大豆籽粒产量巴西大草原的一个含沙粘土壤土的亚拉兰人。生物炭施用（第0年）后，土壤pH和植物可用水（PAW）增加，Al3 +和散装密度（BD）随生物炭施用率线性地降低。后来，在第5年，生物炭对爪子没有影响，BD随生物炭率而增加。在申请后的第三年之前，SOC不受影响，而是在其应用后4和5年内与生物炭率线性增加。宏观孔隙率（MAC）以二次方式的影响达到最大值，在0年和2年内以8mg HA（-1）生物施率，然而，在增加的生物炭率下降时降低。大豆籽粒产量随生物炭率而增加，直到其应用后的第三年。生物炭和合成肥几乎没有相互作用;除了钾（k +）可用性和谷物产量，讨论了通过其对土壤肥力和物理水力学的影响的生物炭对大豆产量的可能控制机制。生物炭对大豆产量的影响取决于包括土壤和环境变量的多种独立因素。由于这种对产量的影响通过多年来，这使得它变得相当不可预测。然而，BioChar通过提高保护土壤管理的影响，可以对可持续生产具有重要贡献，如使用绿色粪便或覆盖，对SOC积累。

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