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Health advocacy

机译：健康倡导

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摘要

In the medical profession, activities related to ensuring access to care, navigating the system, mobilizing resources, addressing health inequities, influencing health policy and creating system change are known as health advocacy. Foundational concepts in health advocacy include social determinants of health and health inequities. The social determinants of health (i.e. the conditions in which people live and work) account for a significant proportion of an individual's and a population's health outcomes. Health inequities are disparities in health between populations, perpetuated by economic, social, and political forces. Although it is clear that efforts to improve the health of an individual or population must consider upstream factors, how this is operationalized in medicine and medical education is controversial. There is a lack of clarity around how health advocacy is delineated, how physicians' scope of responsibility is defined and how teaching and assessment is conceptualized and enacted. Numerous curricular interventions have been described in the literature; however, regardless of the success of isolated interventions, understanding health advocacy instruction, assessment and evaluation will require a broader examination of processes, practices and values throughout medicine and medical education. To support the instruction, assessment and evaluation of health advocacy, a novel framework for health advocacy is introduced. This framework was developed for several purposes: defining and delineating different types and approaches to advocacy, generating a roadmap of possible advocacy activities, establishing shared language and meaning to support communication and collaboration across disciplines and providing a tool for the assessment of learners and for the evaluation of teaching and programs. Current approaches to teaching and assessment of health advocacy are outlined, as well as suggestions for future directions and considerations.
机译：在医学专业中，与确保护理机会有关的活动，导航系统，调动资源，解决卫生资源，影响卫生政策和创造系统变更的人被称为健康宣传。健康倡导的基础概念包括健康和健康状况的社会决定因素。健康的社会决定因素（即人们生活和工作的条件）占个人和人口健康成果的大量比例。人口之间的健康状况是健康的差异，经济，社会，政治力量延续。虽然很明显改善个人或人口健康的努力必须考虑上游因素，但这在医学和医学教育中如何运作是有争议的。健康宣传如何划定缺乏清晰度，是如何定义医生的责任范围以及教学和评估如何概念化和制定。在文献中描述了许多课堂间干预;但是，无论孤立的干预措施的成功如何，了解健康宣传教学，评估和评估需要更广泛地审查整个医学和医学教育的过程，做法和价值观。为支持健康宣传的教学，评估和评估，引入了一种新的健康宣传框架。此框架是为多种目的而开发的：定义和划定宣传的不同类型和方法，产生可能的宣传活动的路线图，建立共享语言和意义，以支持跨学科的沟通和协作，并为学习者提供评估工具教学与计划评估。目前概述了对健康宣传的教学和评估方法，以及对未来方向和考虑的建议。

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  • 来源
    《Medical teacher》 |2017年第2期|共8页
  • 作者

    Hubinette Maria; Dobson Sarah; Scott Ian; Sherbino Jonathan;

  • 作者单位

    Univ British Columbia Dept Family Practice Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Sch Nursing Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Ctr Hlth Educ Scholarship Vancouver BC Canada;

    Univ British Columbia Sch Nursing Vancouver BC Canada;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 医药、卫生;
  • 关键词

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