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首页> 外文期刊>Seismological research letters >The 30 November 2018 M-w 7.1 Anchorage Earthquake
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The 30 November 2018 M-w 7.1 Anchorage Earthquake

机译：2018年11月30日M-W 7.1锚地地震

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The M-w 7.1 47 km deep earthquake that occurred on 30 November 2018 had deep societal impacts across southcentral Alaska and exhibited phenomena of broad scientific interest. We document observations that point to future directions of research and hazard mitigation. The rupture mechanism, aftershocks, and deformation of the mainshock are consistent with extension inside the Pacific plate near the down-dip limit of flat-slab subduction. Peak ground motions >25%g were observed across more than 8000 km(2), though the most violent near-fault shaking was avoided because the hypocenter was nearly 50 km below the surface. The ground motions show substantial variation, high-lighting the influence of regional geology and near-surface soil conditions. Aftershock activity was vigorous with roughly 300 felt events in the first six months, including two dozen aftershocks exceeding M 4.5. Broad subsidence of up to 5 cm across the region is consistent with the rupture mechanism. The passage of seismic waves and possibly the coseismic subsidence mobilized ground waters, resulting in temporary increases in stream flow. Although there were many failures of natural slopes and soils, the shaking was insufficient to reactivate many of the failures observed during the 1964 M 9.2 earthquake. This is explained by the much shorter duration of shaking as well as the lower amplitude long-period motions in 2018. The majority of observed soil failures were in anthropogenically placed fill soils. Structural damage is attributed to both the failure of these emplaced soils as well as to the ground motion, which shows some spatial correlation to damage. However, the paucity of instrumental ground-motion recordings outside of downtown Anchorage makes these comparisons challenging. The earthquake demonstrated the challenge of issuing tsunami warnings in complex coastal geographies and highlights the need for a targeted tsunami hazard evaluation of the region. The event also demonstrates the challenge of estimating the probabilistic hazard posed by intraslab earthquakes.
机译：2018年11月30日发生的M-W 7.1 km深地震发生了跨Southcentral阿拉斯加的深刻的社会影响，并表现出广泛的科学兴趣现象。我们记录了指向未来研究和危险方向的观察。主轴的破裂机构，余震和变形是一致的，与平板俯冲的下浸极限附近太平板内的延伸。在超过8000公里观察到峰值地面运动> 25％G（2），尽管避免了最剧烈的接近故障摇动，因为低速度在表面下方50公里。地面运动表现出实质性的变化，高光照区域地质和近表面土壤条件的影响。前六个月的大约300个感觉事件发生了余震活动，包括二十二次超过M 4.5的余震。该地区最多5厘米的宽度沉降与破裂机制一致。地震波和可能是电动发电机沉降的地面水域，导致流流程的临时增加。虽然有许多自然斜坡和土壤失败，但摇动不足以重新激活1964米9.2地震期间观察到的许多故障。这是通过震动持续时间以及2018年较低的幅度长周期运动来解释。大多数观察到的土壤失败都在人为放置的填充土壤中。结构损伤归因于这些施加的土壤的失效以及地面运动，这表明与损坏有一些空间相关性。然而，市中心锚索以外的乐器地面录制的缺乏使这些比较具有挑战性。地震表明，在复杂的沿海地理区域发出海啸警告的挑战，并突出了该地区目标海啸危害评估的需求。该活动还展示了估计intrAbrab地震所带来的概率危害的挑战。

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