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Dead wood profile of a semi-natural boreal forest - implications for sampling

机译：半自然北欧森林的死木头剖面 - 对抽样的影响

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Dead wood profile of a forest is a useful tool for describing forest characteristics and assessing forest disturbance history. Nevertheless, there are few studies on dead wood profiles, including both coarse and fine dead wood, and on the effect of sampling intensity on the dead wood estimates. In a semi-natural boreal forest, we measured every dead wood item over 2 cm in diameter from 80 study plots. From eight plots, we further recorded dead wood items below 2 cm in diameter. Based on these data we constructed the full dead wood profile, i.e. the overall number of dead wood items and their distribution among different tree species, volumes of different size and decay stage categories. We discovered that while the number of small dead wood items was immense, their number dropped drastically from the diameter below 1 cm to diameters 2-3 cm. Different tree species had notably different abundance-diameter distribution patterns: spruce dead wood comprised most strikingly the smallest diameter fractions, whereas aspen dead wood comprised a larger share of large-diameter items. Most of the dead wood volume constituted of large pieces (>10 cm in diameter), and 62% of volume was birch. The variation in the dead wood estimates was small for the numerically dominant tree species and smallest diameter categories, but high for the sub-dominant tree species and larger size categories. In conclusion, the more the focus is on rare tree species and large dead wood items, the more comprehensive should the sampling be.
机译：森林的死木轮廓是描述森林特征和评估森林扰动史的有用工具。然而，关于死木轮廓的研究很少，包括粗糙和精细的木材，以及对死木估计的采样强度的影响。在半天然北方森林中，我们从80个研究图中测量了直径超过2厘米的死木质物品。从八个地块，我们进一步记录了直径2厘米以下的死木材物品。基于这些数据，我们构建了完整的死木轮廓，即，不同树种，不同尺寸和衰减阶段类别的死木物品的总数及其分布。我们发现，虽然小死木质物品的数量是巨大的，但它们的数量从低于1cm到直径2-3cm的直径急剧下降。不同的树种具有显着的丰富直径分布图案：云杉死木包含最小的最小直径分数，而白杨木死木占大直径物品的较大份额。大部分死木体积由大块（直径10厘米）和62％的体积为桦木。死木估计的变化对于数值主导的树种和最小的直径类别很小，但是亚主导树种和更大的大小类别的高度。总之，重点越少，稀有树种和大型死木材物品，应该更全面地采样。

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