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Acute sleep deprivation and culpable motor vehicle crash involvement

机译：急性睡眠剥夺和抑制机动车辆碰撞参与

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Study Objectives: To quantify the relationship between acute sleep deprivation and culpable involvement in motor vehicle crashes. Methods: Participants were 6845 drivers involved in a representative sample of crashes investigated by the US Department of Transportation in years 2005-2007. A modified case-control study design was used to compare self-reported hours of sleep in the 24 hr before crashing between drivers deemed culpable versus nonculpable. Analyses controlled for fatigue-related, driver-related, and environmental factors. Specific errors that led to crashes were also examined. Results: Drivers who reported having slept for 6, 5,4, and less than 4 hr in the 24 hr before crashing had 1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04 to 1.7), 1.9 (1.1 to 3.2), 2.9 (1.4 to 6.2), and 15.1 (4.2 to 54.4) times the odds, respectively, of having been culpable for their crashes, compared with drivers who reported 7-9 hr of sleep. Drivers who had slept less than 4 hr had 3.4 (95% CI = 2.1 to 5.6) times the increase in odds of culpable involvement in single-vehicle crashes compared with multiple-vehicle crashes. Recent change in sleep schedule, typically feeling drowsy upon waking, and driving for 3+ hr were also associated with culpability (all p < 0.013). Assuming nonculpable drivers comprised a representative sample of all drivers present where crashes occurred, these odds ratios approximate incidence rate ratios for culpable crash involvement per unit of time driving. Conclusions: Driving after having slept less than 7 hr in a 24 hr period is associated with elevated risk of culpable crash involvement. Risk is greatest for drivers who have slept less than 4 hr and is manifested disproportionately in single-vehicle crashes.
机译：研究目标：量化急性睡眠剥夺与机动车崩溃的责任剥夺关系的关系。方法：参与者是2005 - 2007年美国交通部调查的崩溃的代表性示例的6845名司机。修改后的案例控制研究设计用于比较24小时的自我报告的睡眠时间，然后在被视为令人困扰的驾驶员与非尺寸的驾驶员之间撞击之前。分析控制疲劳相关，司机相关和环境因素。还检查了导致崩溃的具体错误。结果：在撞击前24小时睡眠6,5,4且少于4小时的司机具有1.3（95％置信区间[CI] = 1.04至1.7），1.9（1.1至3.2），2.9（与报告7-9小时的睡眠的司机相比，赔率分别为1.4至6.2）和15.1（4.2至54.4）次的次数，分别为其崩溃。与多辆车撞车相比，已经睡得不到4小时的驾驶员睡眠不到4小时的驾驶员3.4（95％CI = 2.1至5.6）倍。最近在睡眠时间表中的变化，通常在醒来时感觉昏昏欲睡，并且驾驶3个以上的人力时间也与盗贼（所有P <0.013）有关。假设非尺寸驱动因素包括崩溃所发生的所有驱动因素的代表性样本，因此每单位时间驾驶的急促碰撞崩溃的损失率近似发生率比率。结论：在24小时内睡眠不到7小时后驾驶与急促碰撞的风险升高。对于已经睡眠不到4小时的驾驶员来说，风险最大的风险最大，并且在单车祸中表现不一致。

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