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Pathogenicity of Ganoderma Species on Landscape Trees in the Southeastern United States

机译：灵芝物种对美国东南部景观树木的致病性

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摘要

The genus Ganoderma contains species that are associated with dead and declining host trees. Many species have been described as pathogens in literature, because anecdotally, the presence of fruiting bodies on living trees has been widely associated with a general decline in tree health. Few studies have investigated the pathogenicity of Ganoderma species on landscape trees in the southeastern U.S. Pathogenicity tests were used to determine the pathogeni city of G. curtisii, G. meredithiae, G. sessile, and G. zonatum on young, healthy landscape trees (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii, P. taeda, Quercus shumardii, Q. virginiana, and Butia odorata) common to the southeastern U.S. Inoculations were made by drilling into the sapwood of the lower bole and inserting wooden dowels that were infested with each Ganoderma species. In two field experiments, 11 to 12 months post inoculation, trees had no visual, external symptoms of disease. There were differences in the extent of internal xylem discoloration near the site of inoculation in comparison with the mock-inoculated control in experiment 1, but there were no differences relative to the control in experiment 2. In both experiments, G. sessile was the only species that was successfully reisolated from the pine and oak hosts. Although disease symptoms were not obvious, the reisolation of G. sessile outside the inoculation point was a significant finding, and suggests that this species was capable of infecting healthy sapwood. G. sessile constitutively produces chlamydospores within its vegetative mycelium, which may contribute to its persistence in the discolored sapwood. These data suggest that the Ganoderma species tested, following trunk wounding, are not pathogens of young, actively growing landscape trees that only possess sapwood. The establishment of these fungi using alternative infection courts (e.g., roots) and their interactions in older living trees (e.g., trees with heartwood) needs investigation to better understand their effects on tree health.
机译：Ganoderma属含有与死亡和宿主衰减相关的物种。许多物种被描述为文献中的病原体，因为轶事，生活树上的结果存在于树木健康的一般下降方面的存在。少数研究研究了灵芝对东南部景观树木的致病性，致病性试验用于确定G.Factisii，G.Meredithiae，G.术士和G. Zonatum上的G. Meredithiae，G. Zonatum（Pinus） Elliottii var。Elliottii，P. Taeda，Quercus Shumardii，Q.，弗吉尼亚州和朱莉娅Odorata）通过钻入下孔的SAPWOOD和插入患有每种灵芝物种感染的木制销钉制成。在两个田间实验中，接种后11至12个月，树木没有视觉，外部症状。与实验1中的嘲弄接种对照相比，接种位点附近的内部木耳变色程度差异，但在实验中的控制中没有差异。在两个实验中，G.术说是唯一的从松树和橡木主人成功重新坐标的物种。虽然疾病症状并不明显，但在接种点之外的G.畸形的再辨别是显着的发现，并表明该物种能够感染健康的树脂。 G.术治疗组成型在其植物菌丝体内生产莎草孢菌素，这可能导致其在变色的树脂植物中的持久性。这些数据表明，在Trunk伤害之后测试的灵芝物种不是年轻，积极地生长的景观树的病原体，只有Sapwood。使用替代感染法院（例如，Roots）的这些真菌的建立及其在旧生活树中的相互作用（例如，带有心材的树木）需要调查，以更好地了解他们对树木健康的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Plant Disease》 |2018年第10期|共6页
  • 作者

    Loyd Andrew L.; Linder Eric R.; Anger Nicolas A.; Richter Brantlee S.; Blanchette Robert A.; Smith Jason A.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Florida Sch Forest Resources &

    Conservat Gainesville FL 32611 USA;

    Univ Florida Sch Forest Resources &

    Conservat Gainesville FL 32611 USA;

    Univ Florida Sch Forest Resources &

    Conservat Gainesville FL 32611 USA;

    Univ Florida Plant Pathol Dept Gainesville FL 32611 USA;

    Univ Minnesota Dept Plant Pathol St Paul MN 55108 USA;

    Univ Florida Sch Forest Resources &

    Conservat Gainesville FL 32611 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物保护;
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