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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Electroencephalography reveals a selective disruption of cognitive control processes in craving cigarette smokers
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Electroencephalography reveals a selective disruption of cognitive control processes in craving cigarette smokers

机译：脑电图显示在渴望吸烟者中的认知控制过程的选择性中断

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摘要

Addiction to nicotine is extremely challenging to overcome, and the intense craving for the next cigarette often leads to relapse in smokers who wish to quit. To dampen the urges of craving and inhibit unwanted behaviour, smokers must harness cognitive control, which is itself impaired in addiction. It is likely that craving may interact with cognitive control, and the present study sought to test the specificity of such interactions. To this end, data from 24 smokers were gathered using EEG and behavioural measures in a craving session (following a three-hour nicotine abstention period) and a non-craving session (having just smoked). In both sessions, participants performed a task probing various facets of cognitive control (response inhibition, task switching and conflict processing). Results showed that craving smokers were less flexible with the implementation of cognitive control, with demands of task switching and incongruency yielding greater deficits under conditions of craving. Importantly, inhibitory control was not affected by craving, suggesting that the interactions of craving and cognitive control are selective. Together, these results provide evidence that smokers already exhibit specific control-related deficits after brief nicotine deprivation. This disruption of cognitive control while craving may help to explain why abstinence is so difficult to maintain.
机译：对尼古丁的成瘾是非常挑战的，克服克服，对下一支烟的激烈渴望经常导致希望戒烟的吸烟者复发。为了抑制渴望和抑制不需要的行为的冲动，吸烟者必须利用认知控制，这本身在成瘾中受损。渴望可能与认知控制相互作用，目前的研究试图测试这种相互作用的特异性。为此，使用24吸烟者的数据在渴望会议中使用脑电图和行为措施（遵循三小时的尼古丁弃权期）和非渴望的会议（刚熏制）。在两个会话中，参与者执行了探测认知控制的各个方面的任务（响应抑制，任务切换和冲突处理）。结果表明，随着认知控制的实施，渴望吸烟者的灵活性较小，需要在渴望条件下产生更大的赤字。重要的是，抑制控制不受渴望的影响，表明渴望和认知控制的相互作用是选择性的。这些结果在一起提供了证据表明，在短暂的尼古丁剥夺后，吸烟者已经表现出特定的对照相关的赤字。这种对认知控制的破坏，同时渴望，可以帮助解释为什么禁欲是难以维持的。

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