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首页> 外文期刊>Clinical leadership and management review: the journal of CLMA >Managers and leaders: are they different?
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Managers and leaders: are they different?

机译：经理和领导者：他们不同吗？

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The traditional view of management, back in 1977 when Abraham Zaleznik wrote this article, centered on organizational structure and processes. Managerial development at the time focused exclusively on building competence, control, and the appropriate balance of power. That view, Zaleznik argued, omitted the essential leadership elements of inspiration, vision, and human passion which drive corporate success. The difference between managers and leaders, he wrote, lies in the conceptions they hold, deep in their psyches, of chaos and order. Managers embrace process, seek stability and control, and instinctively try to resolve problems quickly--sometimes before they fully understand a problems significance. Leaders, in contrast, tolerate chaos and lack of structure and are willing to delay closure to understand the issues more fully. In this way, Zaleznik argued, business leaders have much more in common with artists, scientists, and other creative thinkers than they do with managers. Organizations need both managers and leaders to succeed, but developing both requires a reduced focus on logic and strategic exercises in favor of an environment where creativity and imagination are permitted to flourish.
机译：1977年亚伯拉罕·扎列兹尼克（Abraham Zaleznik）撰写本文时，传统的管理观点集中于组织结构和流程。当时的管理发展只专注于建立能力，控制力和适当的权力平衡。 Zaleznik认为，这种观点忽略了驱动企业成功的灵感，远见和人类激情的基本领导元素。他写道，管理者与领导者之间的差异在于他们对内心深处的混乱和秩序持有的观念。经理拥抱流程，寻求稳定性和控制力，并本能地尝试快速解决问题-有时是在他们完全理解问题的重要性之前。相反，领导人容忍混乱和缺乏结构，并愿意推迟关闭以更充分地了解问题。扎莱兹尼克认为，通过这种方式，企业领导者与艺术家，科学家和其他创造性思想家的共同点要多于与经理的共同点。组织既需要管理者也需要领导者才能成功，但是要发展两者都需要减少对逻辑和战略活动的关注，以支持创造力和想象力得以蓬勃发展的环境。

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