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首页> 外文期刊>The quarterly journal of experimental psychology: QJEP >Orienting to see what's important: Learn to ignore the irrelevant
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Orienting to see what's important: Learn to ignore the irrelevant

机译：定向看看有什么重要意义：学会忽略无关紧要的

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The current study used a triad judgment task to assess whether blocking by comparison type in a triad judgment task could lead people to pay less attention to surface-level (irrelevant) features and pay more attention to deep (structural) features of information. A sample of 313 participants recruited through Mechanical Turk participated in this study. On each triad, participants were asked to evaluate which of two source scenarios went best with the target scenario. Three types of triads were constructed with materials related to the ability to perceive ethical issues within the practice of psychology. One type of triad contrasted a scenario that was similar to the target in terms of surface-level features and a scenario that was similar in terms of deep features (similar surface-similar deep, SS/SD). A second triad type contrasted a scenario that was similar in terms of deep features with an unrelated scenario (similar deep-unrelated, SD/U). The third contrasted a scenario that was similar in terms of surface features with an unrelated scenario (similar surface-unrelated, SS/U). There were 10 triads of each type. We found that with all the blocking orders except two, participants reliably chose the SS scenario over the SD scenario for the SS/SD triads. However, participants who started out with the SD/U triads did not. The results provide evidence that people often have the ability to perceive the deep, but they are distracted by the surface-level features. The results also show that people can be oriented away from being distracted by the surface-level features so that they can see the deep.
机译：目前的研究使用了三合会判决任务来评估Triad判决任务中是否通过比较类型阻塞可能导致人们对地表级（无关）的特征不那么关注，并更加关注信息的深度（结构）功能。通过机械土耳其人招募的313名参与者的样本参与了这项研究。在每个三合会上，参与者被要求评估两个来源方案中哪一个最适合目标场景。三种类型的三合会是用与心理学实践中的伦理问题相关的材料构建的材料。一种类型的三合会对比表面级别特征和在深度特征（类似表面类似的深，SS / SD）方面类似的场景类似的场景。第二个三合会类型对比具有不相关场景的深度特征（类似的深度无关，SD / U）相似的场景。第三个对比与具有不相关场景的表面特征相似的场景（类似的表面无关，SS / U）。每种类型有10个三合一。我们发现，除了两个封锁命令，参与者可靠地在SS / SD三联社的SD方案上可靠地选择了SS场景。但是，与SD / U Triads开始的参与者没有。结果提供了证据表明人们往往有能力感知深度，但它们被表面级别特征分散了分散注意力。结果还表明，人们可以被定向远离表面级别的分散注意力，以便它们可以看到深度。

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