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Regulatory B cells: Phenotype, function and role in transplantation

机译：监管B细胞：移植中的表型，功能和作用

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Abstract While B cells are traditionally known for their roles in antibody production, antigen presentation and cytokine production, recent studies have highlighted the existence of B cells with regulatory properties, which have been termed Bregs, analogous to regulatory T cells (Tregs). Bregs have been found to play a role in autoimmune disease, malignancies, infections, and may also be involved in solid organ transplantation. Their main mechanism of action is by promoting the development of Tregs while suppressing effector CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, primarily by IL-10 secretion. In the field of transplantation evidence for an active role of Bregs is scarce. While the presence of Bregs has been associated with improved graft survival and operational tolerance in kidney transplant recipients, these findings are not without controversy. Since the majority of fundamental research on Bregs has been performed in the fields in autoimmunity and infectious diseases, we will first focus on what these fields taught us on basic Breg biology, after which the relevance for the transplant setting is discussed. Highlights ? While many B cell subsets have been associated with regulatory capacity, no definitive marker of Bregs exist. ? Various mechanisms of action have been described for Bregs, such as the production of IL-10, IL-35 and TGFβ. Contact-mediated suppression of immune responses have been described as well. ? In murine models of transplantation, several subsets of Bregs have been shown to be capable of suppressing alloimmune responses. ? Recently, it has been found that the tolerance fingerprint in renal transplant recipients is confounded by the lack of immunosuppressive drugs.
机译：摘要而B细胞传统上以抗体生产中的作用而闻名，抗原呈递和细胞因子产生，最近的研究突出了具有调节性能的B细胞的存在，该调节性能被称为贫氏，类似于调节性T细胞（Tregs）。已经发现雷格斯在自身免疫性疾病，恶性肿瘤，感染中发挥作用，也可能参与固体器官移植。它们的主要作用机制是通过促进Tregs的发育，同时抑制效应CD4 +和CD8 + T细胞，主要由IL-10分泌。在移植证据领域，积极作用的贫困人口稀缺。虽然Bregs的存在与肾移植受者的改善的移植物存活和操作耐受性有关，但这些发现并非没有争议。由于在自身免疫和传染病的领域进行了大部分对BREG的基础研究，我们将首先关注这些领域在基本BREG生物学上教导我们，之后讨论了移植设置的相关性。强调 ？虽然许多B细胞子集已经与调节能力相关联，但是存在不存在雷格的最终标记。还已经针对BREG描述了各种作用机制，例如IL-10，IL-35和TGFβ的产生。已经描述了接触介导的免疫应答的抑制。还在移植的小鼠模型中，已经显示出几个坯料的亚群能够抑制同种异性反应。还最近，已经发现肾移植受者的耐受性指纹被缺乏免疫抑制药物混淆。

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