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Skin sensitization: Implications for integration of clinical data into hazard identification and risk assessment

机译：皮肤致敏：对临床数据整合到危险识别和风险评估的影响

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摘要

Skin sensitization associated with allergic contact dermatitis is a common health problem and is an important consideration for toxicologists in safety assessment. Historically, in vivo predictive tests have been used with good success to identify substances that have the potential to induce skin sensitization, and these tests formed the basis of safety evaluation. These original tests are now being replaced gradually either by in vitro assays or by further refinements of in vivo methods such as the local lymph node assay. Human data have also been available to inform classification decisions for some substances and have been used by risk managers to introduce measures for exposure reduction. However, humans encounter hazards in the context of exposure rather than in the form of intrinsic hazards per se, and so in this article, we have examined critically the extent to which human data have been used to refine classification decisions and safety evaluations. We have also evaluated information on the burden of human allergic skin disease and used this to address the question of whether, and to what extent, the identification and evaluation of skin sensitization hazards has led to an improvement of public and/or occupational health.
机译：与过敏性接触皮炎相关的皮肤致敏是一种常见的健康问题，是对安全评估中毒理学家的重要考虑因素。从历史上看，在体内预测性测试中已被使用良好的成功，以鉴定有可能诱导皮肤致敏的物质，并且这些测试形成了安全评估的基础。这些原始测试现在正在通过体外测定或通过体内方法的进一步改进而逐渐替换，例如局部淋巴结测定。人类数据也可用于通知某些物质的分类决策，并已被风险管理人员使用，以引入曝光措施。然而，人类在暴露的背景下遇到危险，而不是以本身的内在危险的形式，因此，我们已经批判地检查了人类数据用于细化分类决策和安全评估的程度。我们还评估了有关人体过敏性皮肤病的负担的信息，并用它来解决皮肤致敏危害的鉴定和评估是否导致公众和/或职业健康的问题。

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