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Sarcopenia

机译：萨术尼亚

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摘要

Sarcopenia is defined as a combination of low muscle mass with low muscle function. The term was first used to designate the loss of muscle mass and performance associated with aging. Now, recognized causes of sarcopenia also include chronic disease, a physically inactive lifestyle, loss of mobility, and malnutrition. Sarcopenia should be differentiated from cachexia, which is characterized not only by low muscle mass but also by weight loss and anorexia. Sarcopenia results from complex and interdependent pathophysiological mechanisms that include aging, physical inactivity, neuromuscular compromise, resistance to postprandial anabolism, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, endocrine factors, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. The prevalence of sarcopenia ranges from 3% to 24% depending on the diagnostic criteria used and increases with age. Among patients with rheumatoid arthritis 20% to 30% have sarcopenia, which correlates with disease severity. Sarcopenia exacts a heavy toll of functional impairment, metabolic disorders, morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Thus, the consequences of sarcopenia include disability, quality of life impairments, falls, osteoporosis, dyslipidemia, an increased cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome, and immunosuppression. The adverse effects of sarcopenia are particularly great in patients with a high fat mass, a condition known as sarcopenic obesity. The diagnosis of sarcopenia rests on muscle mass measurements and on functional tests that evaluate either muscle strength or physical performance (walking, balance). No specific biomarkers have been identified to date. The management of sarcopenia requires a multimodal approach combining a sufficient intake of high-quality protein and fatty acids, physical exercise, and antiinflammatory medications. Selective androgen receptor modulators and anti-myostatin antibodies are being evaluated as potential stimulators of muscle anabolism. (C) 2018 Societe francaise de rhumatologie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
机译：SARCOPENIA被定义为低肌肉功能低肌肉功能的组合。该术语首先用于指定与老化相关的肌肉质量和性能的损失。现在，公众的SARCOPENIA的原因还包括慢性疾病，身体不活跃的生活方式，流动性丧失和营养不良。 SARCOPENIA应与恶病因差异化，其不仅具有低肌肉肿块，还具有减肥和厌食症。 SARCOPENIA产生复杂和相互依存的病理生理机制，包括老化，物理不活跃，神经肌肉妥协，耐药性耐药，胰岛素抵抗，脂毒性，内分泌因子，氧化应激，线粒体功能障碍和炎症。根据使用的诊断标准和随着年龄的增长而增加，SARCOPENIA的患病率从3％到24％。类风湿性关节炎的患者中有20％至30％的嗜睡症，与疾病严重程度相关。 SARCOPENIA确切的功能性损伤，代谢障碍，发病率，死亡率和医疗费用的重大损害。因此，SARCOPENIA的后果包括残疾，寿命质量障碍，跌倒，骨质疏松症，血脂血症，增加心血管风险，代谢综合征和免疫抑制。嗜肥症患者的患者患者特别优点，患有高脂肪量的患者，一种称为嗜睡性的病症。 SARCOPENIA的诊断依赖于肌肉质量测量和功能测试，评估肌肉力量或物理性能（行走，平衡）。没有确定特定的生物标志物到目前为止。 SARCOPENIA的管理需要多式联算方法，这些方法结合了足够的高质量蛋白和脂肪酸，体育锻炼和抗炎药物。选择性雄激素受体调节剂和抗myostatin抗体正在评估为肌肉合成的潜在刺激器。 （c）2018 Societe Francaise de Rhumatologie。由Elsevier Masson SA出版。版权所有。

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  • 来源
    《Joint, bone, spine :》 |2019年第3期|共6页
  • 作者

    Tournadre Anne; Vial Gaelle; Capel Frederic; Soubrier Martin; Boirie Yves;

  • 作者单位

    CHU Clermont Ferrand Serv Rhumatol 58 Rue Montalembert F-63003 Clermont Ferrand France;

    CHU Clermont Ferrand Serv Rhumatol 58 Rue Montalembert F-63003 Clermont Ferrand France;

    Univ Clermont Auvergne INRA UMR1019 Unite Nutr Humaine F-63000 Clermont Ferrand France;

    CHU Clermont Ferrand Serv Rhumatol 58 Rue Montalembert F-63003 Clermont Ferrand France;

    CHU Clermont Ferrand Hop G Montpied Serv Nutr Clin F-63003 Clermont Ferrand France;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 外科学各论;
  • 关键词

    Sarcopenia; Muscle; Fat mass;

    机译：Sarcopenia;肌肉;脂肪质量;

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