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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Evolution and structural diversity of metacaspases
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Evolution and structural diversity of metacaspases

机译：代表术的进化与结构多样性

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摘要

Caspases are metazoan proteases, best known for their involvement in programmed cell death in animals. In higher plants genetically controlled mechanisms leading to the selective death of individual cells also involve the regulated interplay of various types of proteases. Some of these enzymes are structurally homologous to caspases and have therefore been termed metacaspases. In addition to the two well-studied metacaspase variants found in higher plants, type I and type II, biochemical data have recently become available for metacaspases of type III and metacaspase-like proteases, which are present only in certain algae. Although increasing in vitro and in vivo data suggest the existence of further sub-types, a lack of structural information hampers the interpretation of their distinct functional properties. However, the identification of key amino acid residues involved in the proteolytic mechanism of metacaspases, as well as the increased availability of plant genomic and transcriptomic data, is increasingly enabling in-depth analysis of all metacaspase types found in plastid-containing organisms. Here, we review the structural distribution and diversification of metacaspases and in doing so try to provide comprehensive guidelines for further analyses of this versatile family of proteases in organisms ranging from simple unicellular species to flowering plants.
机译：Caspases是甲卓蛋白蛋白酶，最为人知的是他们参与动物的编程细胞死亡。在较高的植物中，导致各种细胞选择性死亡的遗传控制机制也涉及各种类型蛋白酶的受调节的相互作用。其中一些酶在结构上与胱天蛋糖同源，因此被称为代表酶。除了在高等植物中发现的两种良好研究的Metacaspase变体外，I型和II型除外，生物化学数据最近可用于III型和Metacaspase的蛋白酶的选酶，其仅在某些藻类中存在。虽然体外和体内数据的增加表明存在进一步子类型的存在，但缺乏结构信息妨碍了它们不同功能特性的解释。然而，鉴定参与选酶的蛋白水解机制的关键氨基酸残基，以及植物基因组和转录组数据的可用性增加，越来越多地能够深入地分析含血浆的生物中的所有Metacaspase类型。在这里，我们审查了代表酶的结构分布和多样化，并尝试提供全面的准则，以进一步分析从简单的单细胞物种到开花植物的生物体中的这种通用的蛋白酶。

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