Patterns of visual dyslexia

Friedmann N.; Biran M.; Gvion A.

摘要

This study reports two Hebrew-speaking individuals with acquired visual dyslexia. They made predominantly visual errors in reading, in all positions of the target words. Although both of them produced visual errors, their reading patterns crucially differed in three respects. KD had almost exclusively letter substitutions, and SF also made letter omissions, additions, letter position errors, and between-word migrations. KD had difficulties accessing abstract letter identity in single-letter tasks, and in letter naming, unlike SF, who named letters well. KD did not show lexical effects such as frequency and orthographic neighbourhood effects and produced nonword responses, whereas SF showed lexical effects, with a strong tendency to produce word responses. We suggest that these two patterns stem from two different deficits - KD has letter identity visual dyslexia, which results from a deficit in abstract letter identification in the orthographic-visual analysis system, yielding erroneous letter identities, whereas SF has visual-output dyslexia, which results from a deficit at a later stage, a stage that combines the outputs of the various functions of the orthographic-visual analyzer.

机译：本研究报告了两个有吸引力的视觉诊所的赫布鲁克人的个人。在目标词的所有位置，他们在阅读中占据了视觉错误。虽然它们都产生了视觉误差，但它们的读取模式在三个方面至关重要。 KD几乎完全是字母的替换，SF还制作了信件遗漏，添加，字母位置错误，以及Word迁移之间。 KD在单字母任务中访问了抽象信标识的困难，以及与SF命名的字母命名，他们命名为字母。 KD没有显示出词性效应，如频率和正交邻域效应并产生非记紧响应，而SF显示出词性效果，具有强烈的产生单词响应的倾向。我们建议这两种模式源于两种不同的缺陷 - KD具有信函身份视觉阅读综合症，这是由差异视觉分析系统中抽象信标识的缺陷产生的，从而产生错误的字母身份，而SF具有视觉输出障碍鉴定，其中在稍后阶段的缺陷结果，一个阶段结合了正交视觉分析仪的各种功能的输出。

Patterns of visual dyslexia

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