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A Theory of Enzyme Chemotaxis: From Experiments to Modeling

机译：酶趋化性理论：从实验到建模

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摘要

Enzymes show two distinct transport behaviors in the presence of their substrates in solution. First, their diffusivity enhances with an increasing substrate concentration. In addition, enzymes perform directional motion toward regions with a high substrate concentration, termed as chemotaxis. While a variety of enzymes has been shown to undergo chemotaxis, there remains a lack of quantitative understanding of the phenomenon. Here, we derive a general expression for the active movement of an enzyme in a concentration gradient of its substrate. The proposed model takes into account both the substrate-binding and catalytic turnover step, as well as the enhanced diffusion of the enzyme. We have experimentally measured the chemotaxis of a fast and a slow enzyme: urease under catalytic conditions and hexokinase for both full catalysis and for simple noncatalytic substrate binding. There is good agreement between the proposed model and the experiments. The model is general, has no adjustable parameters, and only requires three experimentally defined constants to quantify chemotaxis: enzyme-substrate binding affinity (K-d), Michaelis-Menten constant (K-M), and level of diffusion enhancement in the associated substrate (alpha).
机译：酶在溶液中存在底物存在的两个不同的传输行为。首先，它们的扩散性随着底物浓度的增加而增强。此外，酶对具有高底物浓度的区域进行定向运动，称为趋化性。虽然已显示各种酶进行趋化性，但仍然缺乏对该现象的定量理解。这里，我们衍生出酶在其基材的浓度梯度中的主动运动的一般表达。所提出的模型考虑了底物结合和催化转换步骤，以及酶的增强扩散。我们已经通过实验测量了快速和缓慢酶的趋化性：催化条件下的脲酶和六酮酶，用于全催化和简单的非催化衬底结合。在拟议的模型和实验之间存在良好的一致性。该模型是通用的，没有可调节的参数，并且只需要三个实验定义的常数来量化趋化性：酶 - 底物结合亲和力（Kd），Michaelis-Menten常数（Km），以及相关基材（α）中的扩散增强水平。

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  • 来源
    《Biochemistry》 |2018年第43期|共8页
  • 作者

    Mohajerani Farzad; Zhao Xi; Somasundar Ambika; Velego Darrell; Sen Ayusman;

  • 作者单位

    Penn State Univ Dept Chem Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA;

    Penn State Univ Dept Chem University Pk PA 16802 USA;

    Penn State Univ Dept Chem Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA;

    Penn State Univ Dept Chem Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA;

    Penn State Univ Dept Chem University Pk PA 16802 USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生物化学;
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