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首页> 外文期刊>Current Biology: CB >Sex Differences in Visual Motion Processing
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Sex Differences in Visual Motion Processing

机译：视觉运动处理中的性别差异

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The importance of sex as a biological variable has recently been emphasized by major funding organizations [] and within the neuroscience community []. Critical sex-based neural differences are indicated by, for example, conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that have a strong sex bias with a higher prevalence among males [, ]. Motivated by this broader context, we report a marked sex difference in a visual motion perception task among neurotypical adults. Motion duration thresholds []—the minimum duration needed to accurately perceive motion direction—were considerably shorter for males than females. We replicated this result across three laboratories and 263 total participants. This type of enhanced performance has previously been observed only in special populations including ASD, depression, and senescence []. The observed sex difference cannot be explained by general differences in speed of visual processing, overall visual discrimination abilities, or potential motor-related differences. We also show that while individual differences in motion duration thresholds are associated with differences in fMRI responsiveness of human MT+, surprisingly, MT+?response magnitudes did not differ between males and females. Thus, we reason that sex differences in motion perception are not captured by an MT+ fMRI measure that predicts within-sex individual differences in perception. Overall, these results show how sex differences can manifest unexpectedly, highlighting the importance of sex as a factor in the design and analysis of perceptual and cognitive studies.
机译：最近通过主要资金组织[]和神经科学界，最近强调了性行为作为生物变量的重要性[]。例如，临界性神经差异由例如具有强烈性偏差的自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）具有较高的性别偏差，具有较高的男性中的偏差[，]。通过这种更广泛的背景，我们报告了神经典型成人之间的视觉运动感知任务中显着的性别差异。运动持续时间阈值[] - 准确地感知运动方向所需的最小持续时间 - 男性比女性相当短。我们在三个实验室和263名参与者中复制了这一结果。此前仅在包括ASD，抑郁症和衰老的特殊人群中观察到这种增强性能[]。观察到的性别差异不能通过视觉处理，整体视觉辨别能力或潜在的电动机相关差异的一般差异来解释。我们还表明，虽然运动持续时间阈值的个体差异与人MT +的FMRI响应性的差异有关，但令人惊讶的是，MT +？响应大小在雄性和女性之间没有差异。因此，我们的推理不会被MT + FMRI测量捕获运动感知的性别差异，以预测感知性中性别差异的性别差异。总体而言，这些结果表明，性差异如何意外地表现出，突出了性的重要性，作为感性和认知研究的设计和分析的一个因素。

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