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Calibration and validation of Airborne Multiangle SpectroPolarimetric Imager (AirMSPI) polarization measurements

机译：空气传播多聚光谱分析仪（AirMSPI）极化测量的校准和验证

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The Airborne Multiangle SpectroPolarimetric Imager (AirMSPI), a precursor to the future Multi-Angle Imager for Aerosols satellite instrument, is a remote-sensing instrument for the characterization of atmospheric aerosols and clouds. To help discriminate between different aerosol particle types, which is crucial to improve our understanding of their impact on climate and air quality, AirMSPI acquires imagery over multiple view angles in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared, and it employs dual photoelastic modulators (PEMs) to target an uncertainty requirement of +/- 0.005 in the degree of linear polarization (DoLP) at selected wavelengths. Laboratory polarimetric calibrations using a second-generation Polarization State Generator-2 (PSG-2) and validation measurements at 0 DoLP 1 demonstrate a systematic uncertainty of 0.002. In-flight calibrations of the temperature sensitivity of the PEMs, which could otherwise introduce DoLP errors up to 0.02, are extracted from onboard "validator" measurements as well as from the AirMSPI imagery of the Earth. After this in-flight calibration, the stability of measurements of the validator's DoLP throughout the POlarimeter Definition EXperiment and Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys field campaigns is +/- 0.001. Comparisons of DoLP data from these campaigns with the Research Scanning Polarimeter show root-mean-square differences ranging between 0.003 and 0.006, while the regression slopes deviate from unity by currently unexplained values up to 0.024. The observed differences are the result of measurement errors in both instruments, as well as imperfections in the intercomparison. A complete polarimetric uncertainty model for AirMSPI is presented, including the effects of absolute calibration uncertainty, in-flight modulation uncertainty, and random noise. (C) 2018 Optical Society of America
机译：空气传播的多聚分光基化成像仪（Airmspi），用于气溶胶卫星仪器的未来多角度成像仪的前兆，是一种用于大气气溶胶和云的遥感仪器。为了帮助区分不同的气溶胶粒子类型，这对改善我们对气候和空气质量的影响至关重要，AirMspi在紫外线，可见和近红外线的多个视角中获得图像，它采用双光弹性调节器（ PEMS）以所选波长的线性极化程度（DOLP）的不确定性要求靶向+/- 0.005。使用第二代偏振态发生器-2（PSG-2）的实验室偏振校准和0 +的验证测量值。 DOLP＆ 1证明了系统的系统不确定性。 0.002。从地板“验证器”测量以及地球的Airmspi图像中，可以从地上的“验证器”测量中提取到0.02的PEM温度敏感性的飞行校准。在这种飞行中的校准之后，在整个偏光仪定义实验和排放和大气组成的研究中测量的验证器的DOLP的稳定性，区域调查场运动的云和大气组成，云和气候耦合是+/- 0.001。通过研究扫描偏振仪的这些广告系列的DOLP数据的比较显示了0.003到0.006之间的根均方差异，而回归斜率偏离当前未解释的值高达0.024的统一。观察到的差异是两种仪器中测量误差的结果，以及相互作用中的缺陷。提出了一个完整的偏振不确定性模型，包括绝对校准不确定度，飞行中调制不确定性和随机噪声的影响。 （c）2018年光学学会

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