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首页> 外文期刊>Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer >The biology and engineered modeling strategies of cancer-nerve crosstalk
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The biology and engineered modeling strategies of cancer-nerve crosstalk

机译:癌症神经串扰的生物学和工程建模策略

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A recent finding critical to cancer aggravation is the interaction between cancer cells and nerves. There exist two main modes of cancer-nerve interaction: perineural invasion (PNI) and tumor innervation. PNI occurs when cancer cells infiltrate the adjacent nerves, and its relative opposite, tumor innervation, occurs when axons extend into tumor bodies. Like most cancer studies, these crosstalk interactions have mostly been observed in patient samples and animal models at this point, making it difficult to understand the mechanisms in a controlled manner. As such, in recent years in vitro studies have emerged that have helped identify various microenvironmental factors responsible for cancer-nerve crosstalk, including but not limited to neurotrophic factors, neurotransmitters, chemokines, cancer-derived exosomes, and Schwann cells. The versatility of in vitro systems warrants continuous development to increase physiological relevance to study PNI and tumor innervation, for example by utilizing biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) culture systems. Despite the wealth of 3D in vitro cancer models, comparatively there exists a lack of 3D in vitro models of nerve, PNI, and tumor innervation. Native-like 3D in vitro models of cancer-nerve interactions may further help develop therapeutic strategies to curb nervemediated cancer aggravation. As such, we provide an overview of the key players of cancer-nerve crosstalk and current in vitro models of the crosstalk, as well as cancer and nerve models. We also discuss a few future directions in cancer-nerve crosstalk research.
机译:最近对癌症的癌症至关重要的发现是癌细胞和神经之间的相互作用。存在两种主要癌症神经相互作用:危害侵袭(PNI)和肿瘤内脏。当癌细胞浸润相邻神经时,PNI发生,并且当轴突延伸到肿瘤体中时发生癌症的相对神经。与大多数癌症研究一样,在患者样品和动物模型中,这些串扰相互作用在这一点上大多观察到,使得难以以受控方式理解机制。因此,近年来,在体外研究中,已经有助于确定负责癌症神经串扰的各种微环境因素,包括但不限于神经营养因素,神经递质,趋化因子,癌症衍生的外泌胞和施旺细胞。体外系统的多功能性需要持续的发展,以提高生理相关性以研究PNI和肿瘤支配,例如通过利用仿生三维(3D)培养系统。尽管在体外癌症模型中有丰富的3D,但相对缺乏3D体外模型的神经,PNI和肿瘤内脏。本土类似的3D体外模型的癌症神经相互作用可能进一步有助于制定治疗策略,以抑制未经证明的癌症的恶化。因此,我们提供癌症神经串扰的关键参与者和串扰的当前体外模型以及癌症和神经模型的概述。我们还讨论了癌症神经串扰研究中的一些未来方向。

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