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Immunomodulatory potential of chitosan-based materials for cancer therapy: a systematic review of in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies

机译：基于癌癌癌的癌症疗法的免疫调节潜力：体内和临床研究中对体外的系统审查

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Chitosan (Ch) has recently been used in different studies as a vaccine adjuvant with an ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). This systematic review aims to elucidate the added value of using Ch-based therapies for immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer treatment, through the exploration of different Ch-based formulations, their capacity to modulate immune cells in vitro and in vivo, and their translational potential for clinical settings. A systematic review was conducted on PubMed, following both inclusion and exclusion steps. Original articles which focused on the immunomodulatory role of Chbased formulations in the TME were included, as well as its usage as a delivery vehicle for other immunomodulatory molecules. This review illustrates the added value of Ch-based systems to reshape the TME, through the modulation of immune cells using different Ch formulations, namely solutions, films, gels, microneedles and nanoparticles. Generally, Ch-based formulations increase the recruitment and proliferation of cells associated with pro-inflammatory abilities and decrease cells which exert anti-inflammatory activities. These effects correlated with a decreased tumor weight, reduced metastases, reversion of the immunosuppressive TME and increased survival in vivo. Overall, Ch-based formulations present the potential for immunotherapy in cancer. Nevertheless, clinical translation remains challenging, since the majority of the studies use Ch in formulations with other components, implicating that some of the observed effects could result from the combination of the individual effects. More studies on the use of different Ch-based formulations, complementary to standardization and disclosure of the Ch properties used are required to improve the immunomodulatory effects of Ch-based formulations in cancer.
机译：壳聚糖（CH）最近被用作不同的研究用作疫苗佐剂，具有调节肿瘤微环境（TME）的能力。这种系统审查旨在通过探索不同的基于基于CH基制剂，它们在体外调节免疫细胞和体内调节免疫细胞的能力及其转化潜力，阐明在癌症治疗中使用基于CH的疗法进行免疫治疗策略的附加值。设置。既包含和排除步骤，在Pubmed上进行了系统审查。将掺入TME中CHABASED制剂的免疫调节作用的原始制品，以及其作为其他免疫调节分子的递送载体的用途。该综述说明了基于CH的系统的附加值，通过使用不同的CH配方的免疫细胞，即溶液，薄膜，凝胶，微针和纳米颗粒调节免疫细胞来重塑TME。通常，基于基于CH的制剂增加了与促炎能力相关的细胞的募集和增殖，并降低施加抗炎活动的细胞。这些效果与肿瘤重量降低，降低的转移，免疫抑制TME的逆转以及体内存活增加的效果相关。总体而言，基于基于CH的制剂呈现癌症免疫疗法的可能性。尽管如此，临床翻译仍然挑战，因为大多数研究在配方中使用了与其他组件的配方，这意味着一些观察到的效果可能是由于个体效应的组合导致。更多关于使用不同的CH基配方的研究，所使用的CH属性的标准化和公开的互补，以改善CH基制剂在癌症中的免疫调节作用。

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  • 来源
    《Biomaterials Science》 |2021年第9期|共19页
  • 作者

    Beatriz V. Lima; Maria J. Oliveira; Mario A. Barbosa; Raquel M. Goncalves; Flavia Castro;

  • 作者单位

    i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health University of Porto Porto Portugal;

    i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health University of Porto Porto Portugal;

    i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health University of Porto Porto Portugal;

    i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health University of Porto Porto Portugal;

    i3S - Institute of Research and Innovation in Health University of Porto Porto Portugal;

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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 计量学;
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