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首页> 外文期刊>BioScience >Behavioral Causes, Ecological Consequences, and Management Challenges Associated with Wildlife Foraging in Human-Modified Landscapes
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Behavioral Causes, Ecological Consequences, and Management Challenges Associated with Wildlife Foraging in Human-Modified Landscapes

机译：与人类修改景观中的野生动物觅食相关的行为原因，生态后果和管理挑战

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摘要

Humans have altered up to half of the world's land surface. Wildlife living within or close to these human-modified landscapes are presented with opportunities and risks associated with feeding on human-derived foods (e.g., agricultural crops and food waste). Understanding whether and how wildlife adapts to these landscapes is a major challenge, with thousands of studies published on the topic over the past 10 years. In the present article, we build on established theoretical frameworks to understand the behavioral causes of crop and urban foraging by wildlife. We then develop and extend this framework to describe the multifaceted ecological consequences of crop and urban foraging for the individuals and populations in which they arise, with emphasis on social species for which interactions with people are, on balance, negative (commonly referred to as raiding species). Finally, we discuss the management challenges faced by urban and rural land managers, businesses, and government organizations in mitigating human-wildlife conflicts and propose ways to improve the lives of both wildlife and humans living in human-modified landscapes and to promote coexistence.
机译：人类已经改变了世界上一半的土地面积。生活在这些人修改的景观内或接近这些人改进的景观内的野生动物是喂养人源食品（例如农业作物和食物废物）相关的机会和风险。了解野生动物是否以及如何适应这些景观是一项重大挑战，在过去10年内发表了数千项研究。在本文中，我们建立了建立的理论框架，以了解野生动物的作物和城市觅食的行为原因。然后，我们制定并扩展该框架，以描述他们所产生的个人和人群的作物和城市觅食的多方面生态后果，重点是与人民相互作用的社会物种，负面（通常称为袭击）物种）。最后，我们讨论了城乡土地管理人员，企业和政府组织面临的管理挑战，以减轻人类野生动物冲突，并提出改善野生动物和人类生活在人类修改的景观中的生活以及促进共存的方法。

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