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Gene editing to facilitate hybrid crop production

机译：基因编辑以促进杂交作物生产

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Capturing heterosis (hybrid vigor) is a promising way to increase productivity in many crops; hybrid crops often have superior yields, disease resistance, and stress tolerance compared with their parental inbred lines. The full utilization of heterosis faces a number of technical problems related to the specifics of crop reproductive biology, such as difficulties with generating and maintaining male-sterile lines and the low efficiency of natural cross-pollination for some genetic combinations. Innovative technologies, such as development of artificial in vitro systems for hybrid production and apomixis-based systems for maintenance of the resulting heterotic progeny, may substantially facilitate the production of hybrids. Genome editing using specifically targeted nucleases, such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) systems, which recognize targets by RNA:DNA complementarity, has recently become an integral part of research and development in life science. In this review, we summarize the progress of genome editing technologies for facilitating the generation of mutant male sterile lines, applications of haploids for hybrid production, and the use of apomixis for the clonal propagation of elite hybrid lines.
机译：捕获杂种优势（混合活力）是提高许多作物生产力的有希望的方法;与父母自交系相比，杂交作物通常具有优异的产量，抗病性和应力耐受性。杂种优势的充分利用面临着与作物生殖生物学的细节有关的一些技术问题，例如产生和维持雄性无菌线的困难以及一些遗传组合的自然交叉授粉的低效率。创新技术，如人工体外系统的杂种生产和基于阿波肌的系统的发展，以维持所得的过疑子药的维持，可以基本上促进杂种的产生。使用特异性靶向核酸酶的基因组编辑，例如聚类定期间隙的短语重复（CRISPR）/ CRISPR相关的核酸酶9（CRISPR / CAS9）系统，其识别RNA的目标：DNA互补性，最近成为研发的一个组成部分在生命科学。在本文中，我们总结了基因组编辑技术的进展，以促进突变族雄性无菌线，单倍体应用杂种生产的应用，以及apomixis对精英杂交线的克隆繁殖的使用。

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