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Tumor promoting role of anti-tumor macrophages in tumor microenvironment

机译：肿瘤促进抗肿瘤巨噬细胞在肿瘤微环境中的作用

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Recent advances in tumor biology demand detailed analysis of the complex interaction of tumor cells with their adjacent microenvironment (tumor aroma) to understand the various mechanisms involved in tumor growth and metastasis. Mononuclear phagocytes or macrophages, a type of innate immune cells, defend the organism against infection and injury. On the otherhand, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute a significant part of the tumor-infiltrating immune cells, have been linked to the growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis of a variety of cancers, most likely through polarization of TAMs to the M2 (alternative) phenotype. Clinical and experimental evidences have shown that cancer tissues with high infiltration of TAMs are associated with poor patient prognosis and resistance to therapies, thus, targeting of TAMs in tumors is considered as a promising immunotherapeutic strategy. Depletion of M2 TAMs or 're-education' of them as anti-tumor effectors might contribute significantly to the search of new modalities in anti-cancer treatments. Basic questions on the factors responsible for homing of macrophages in tumors, mechanism of conversion of M1 to IVI2 TAMs, their functionality and, finally, the possible ways to target M2 TAMs are discussed.
机译：肿瘤生物学的最新进展要求详细分析肿瘤细胞与其周围微环境（肿瘤香气）的复杂相互作用，以了解肿瘤生长和转移的各种机制。单核吞噬细胞或巨噬细胞是一种先天免疫细胞，保护机体免受感染和损伤。另一方面，肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）是肿瘤浸润性免疫细胞的重要组成部分，与多种癌症的生长、血管生成和转移有关，最有可能是通过将TAM极化为M2（替代）表型。临床和实验证据表明，TAMs高浸润的癌组织与患者预后不良和对治疗的耐药性相关，因此，在肿瘤中靶向TAMs被认为是一种很有前景的免疫治疗策略。M2 TAM的耗竭或作为抗肿瘤效应剂对其进行“再教育”可能对寻找新的抗癌治疗方式有重大贡献。讨论了肿瘤中巨噬细胞归巢的因素、M1转化为IVI2 TAM的机制、它们的功能性，以及针对M2 TAM的可能途径等基本问题。

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