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Cellular uptake and anti-inflammatory effects of palm oil-derived delta (delta)-tocotrienol in microglia

机译:棕榈油衍生Delta(Delta)-Tocotrienol的细胞摄取和抗炎作用

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Tocopherols long dominated studies on vitamin E, although interest has shifted to tocotrienols. It was previously shown that delta-tocotrienol derived from palm oil reduced nitric oxide released by BV2 microglia as early as 18 h after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The current study measured delta-tocotrienol uptake by BV2 over a 24 h incubation period and its anti-inflammatory effects on primary microglia. Uptake of 17.5 mu g/mL delta-tocotrienol by BV2 microglia began as early as 5 min and rose steeply to 21 +/- 3% of the amount administered at 24 h. The amount of delta-tocotrienol retained in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia at 24 h was 14 +/- 2%, with no substantial difference seen in unstimulated microglia. The same delta-tocotrienol regimen reduced nitric oxide levels by 82% at 24 h after lipopolysaccharide stimulation (p < 0.05). This was accompanied by decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression by 67 +/- 5% compared to untreated controls (p < 0.05). In primary microglia, delta-tocotrienol downregulated IL-1 beta production, but TNF-alpha and IL-6 were not affected. delta-Tocotrienol also reduced prostaglandin E2 production by similar to 78%% and decreased transcription of COX-2 and 5-LOX, but not COX-1. This study showed the anti-inflammatory effects of delta-tocotrienol derived from palm oil and opens up interest for tocotrienol supplementation to reduce the effects of inflammatory conditions.
机译:生育酚长期以来一直主导着维生素E的研究,尽管人们的兴趣已经转移到生育酚上。之前的研究表明,棕榈油衍生的δ-生育三烯醇早在脂多糖刺激后18小时就减少了BV2小胶质细胞释放的一氧化氮。目前的研究测量了BV2在24小时潜伏期内对δ-生育三烯的摄取及其对原代小胶质细胞的抗炎作用。BV2小胶质细胞早在5分钟就开始摄取17.5μg/mL的δ-生育三烯,并急剧上升至24小时给药量的21+/-3%。在脂多糖刺激的小胶质细胞中,在24小时保留的δ-生育三烯的量为14+/-2%,在未刺激的小胶质细胞中没有发现实质性差异。在脂多糖刺激后24小时,相同的δ-生育三烯方案将一氧化氮水平降低82%(p<0.05)。与未经治疗的对照组相比,诱导型一氧化氮合酶蛋白表达降低67+/-5%(p<0.05)。在原发性小胶质细胞中,δ-生育三烯降低IL-1β的产生,但TNF-α和IL-6不受影响。δ-生育三烯醇还减少了前列腺素E2的产生,减少了COX-2和5-LOX的转录,但没有减少COX-1。这项研究显示了棕榈油衍生的δ-生育三烯醇的抗炎作用,并为补充生育三烯醇以减少炎症条件的影响开辟了兴趣。

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