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Bioprinting a cell-laden matrix for bone regeneration: A focused review

机译:Bioplinting用于骨再生的细胞载荷基质:一个重点审查

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Although many efforts have been made to regenerate the bone lesions, existing challenges can be mitigated through the development of tissue engineering scaffolds. However, the weak control on the microstructure of constructs, limitation in preparation of patient-specific and multilayered scaffolds, restriction in the fabrication of cell-laden matrixes, and challenges in preserving the drug/growth factors' efficacy in conventional methods have led to the development of bioprinting technology for regeneration of bone defects. So in this review, conventional 3D printers are classified, then the priority of the different types of bioprinting technologies for the preparation of the cell/growth factor-laden matrixes are focused. Besides, the bio-ink compositions, including polymeric/hybrid hydrogels and cell-based bio-inks are classified according to fundamental and recent studies. Herein, different effective parameters, such as viscosity, rheological properties, cross-linking methods, biodegradation biocompatibility, are considered. Finally, different types of cells and growth factors that can encapsulate in the bio-inks to promote bone repair are discussed, and both in vitro and in vivo achievement are considered. This review provides current and future perspectives of cell-laden bioprinting technologies. The restrictions and challenges are identified, and proper strategies for the development of cell-laden matrixes and high-performance printable bio-inks are proposed.
机译:尽管已经做出了许多努力来修复骨损伤,但通过组织工程支架的开发,可以缓解现有的挑战。然而,对结构微观结构的控制薄弱、患者特异性和多层支架制备的限制、载细胞基质制备的限制,以及在传统方法中保持药物/生长因子功效的挑战,导致了骨缺损再生生物打印技术的发展。因此,在本综述中,我们对传统的3D打印机进行了分类,然后重点讨论了不同类型的生物打印技术在制备细胞/生长因子载体方面的优先性。此外,根据基础研究和最近的研究,对生物油墨成分进行了分类,包括聚合物/混合水凝胶和基于细胞的生物油墨。本文考虑了不同的有效参数,如粘度、流变特性、交联方法、生物降解性和生物相容性。最后,讨论了可以封装在生物墨水中以促进骨修复的不同类型的细胞和生长因子,并考虑了体外和体内的成就。本文综述了细胞生物打印技术的现状和未来展望。指出了限制和挑战,提出了发展含细胞基质和高性能可打印生物油墨的策略。

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