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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >Effect of inhalation on oropharynx collapse via flow visualisation
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Effect of inhalation on oropharynx collapse via flow visualisation

机译：吸入对流量可视化oropharynx折叠的影响

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摘要

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling has made significant contributions to the analysis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). While several investigations have considered the flow field within the airway and its effect on airway collapse, the effect of breathing on the pharynx region is still poorly understood. We address this gap via a combined experimental and numerical study of the flow field within the pharynx and its impacts upon airway collapse. Two 3D experimental models of the upper airway were constructed based upon computerised tomography scans of a specific patient diagnosed with severe OSA; (i) a transparent, rigid model for flow visualisation, and (ii) a semi-flexible model for understanding the effect of flow on pharynx collapse. Validated simulation results for this geometry indicate that during inhalation, negative pressure (with respect to atmospheric pressure) caused by vortices drives significant narrowing of the pharynx. This narrowing is strongly dependent upon whether inhalation occurs through the nostrils. Thus, the methodology presented here can be used to improve OSA treatment by improving the design methodology for personalised, mandibular advancement splints (MAS) that minimise OSA during sleep.
机译：计算流体动力学（CFD）模型对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的分析和治疗做出了重大贡献。虽然一些研究已经考虑了气道内的流场及其对气道塌陷的影响，但呼吸对咽部区域的影响仍知之甚少。我们通过对咽部流场及其对气道塌陷的影响的实验和数值研究来解决这一差距。根据一名被诊断为严重OSA的特定患者的计算机断层扫描，构建了两个上呼吸道的3D实验模型；（i） 一个透明、刚性的流可视化模型，以及（ii）一个半柔性模型，用于理解流对咽部塌陷的影响。这种几何形状的验证模拟结果表明，在吸入过程中，涡流引起的负压（相对于大气压力）会导致咽部显著变窄。这种变窄在很大程度上取决于是否通过鼻孔吸入。因此，本文介绍的方法可以通过改进个性化下颌前移夹板（MAS）的设计方法来改善OSA治疗，从而最大限度地减少睡眠期间的OSA。

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