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Dilated Cardiomyopathy Mutations and Phosphorylation disrupt the Active Orientation of Cardiac Troponin C

机译:扩张的心肌病变突变和磷酸化破坏了心肌肌钙蛋白C的活性取向

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Cardiac troponin (cTn) is made up of three subunits, cTnC, cTnI, and cTnT. The regulatory N-terminal domain of cTnC (cNTnC) controls cardiac muscle contraction in a calcium-dependent manner. We show that calcium-saturated cNTnC can adopt two different orientations, with the "active" orientation consistent with the 2020 cryo-EM structure of the activated cardiac thin filament by Yamada et al. Using solution NMR N-15 R-2 relaxation analysis, we demonstrate that the two domains of cTnC tumble independently (average R-2 10 s(-1)), being connected by a flexible linker. However, upon addition of cTnI(1-77), the complex tumbles as a rigid unit (R-2 30 s(-1)). cTnI phosphomimetic mutants S22D/S23D, S41D/S43D and dilated cardiomyopathy- (DCM-)associated mutations cTnI K35Q, cTnC D75Y, and cTnC G159D destabilize the active orientation of cNTnC, with intermediate N-15 R-2 rates (R-2 17-23 s(-1)). The active orientation of cNTnC is stabilized by the flexible tails of cTnI, cTnI(1-37) and cTnI(135-209). Surprisingly, when cTnC is incorporated into complexes lacking these tails (cTnC-cTnI(38-134), cTnC-cTnT(223-288), or cTnC-cTnI(38-134)-cTnT(223-288)), the cNTnC domain is still immobilized, revealing a new interaction between cNTnC and the IT-arm that stabilizes a "dormant" orientation. We propose that the calcium sensitivity of the cardiac troponin complex is regulated by an equilibrium between active and dormant orientations, which can be shifted through post-translational modifications or DCM-associated mutations. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译:心肌肌钙蛋白(cTn)由三个亚单位组成,即cTnC、cTnI和cTnT。cTnC的调节性N末端结构域(cNTnC)以钙依赖的方式控制心肌收缩。我们发现,钙饱和的cNTnC可以采用两种不同的取向,其中“活性”取向与Yamada等人的活化心脏细丝2020年的低温EM结构一致。使用溶液NMR N-15 R-2弛豫分析,我们证明cTnC的两个域独立翻滚(平均R-2 10 s(-1)),通过柔性连接物连接。然而,加入cTnI(1-77)后,复合物作为刚性单元翻滚(R-2 30 s(-1))。cTnI类磷突变株S22D/S23D、S41D/S43D和扩张型心肌病(DCM)相关突变株cTnI K35Q、cTnC D75Y和cTnC G159D使cNTnC的活性方向不稳定,具有中间的N-15 R-2速率(R-2 17-23 s(-1))。cTnI、cTnI(1-37)和cTnI(135-209)的柔性尾部稳定了cNTnC的主动取向。令人惊讶的是,当cTnC被并入缺乏这些尾的复合物(cTnC-cTnI(38-134)、cTnC-cTnT(223-288)或cTnC-cTnI(38-134)-cTnT(223-288))时,cTnC结构域仍然被固定,揭示了cTnC和IT臂之间的新的相互作用,从而稳定了“休眠”方向。我们认为,心肌肌钙蛋白复合物的钙敏感性受主动和休眠方向之间的平衡调节,这可以通过翻译后修饰或DCM相关突变来改变。(c)2021作者。爱思唯尔有限公司出版。

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