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Leisure Noise and Hearing

机译：休闲噪音和听证会

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The relationship between leisure noise and hearing has been a topic of research in the audiological literature for the past several decades. During this time, researchers have sought to establish how exposure from leisure noise compares to that from occupational sources,[1] [2] [3] and whether noise-induced hearing loss is increasing as a result of our exposure to leisure noise.[4] [5] Several evidence-based hearing health programs and campaigns have been developed as a result, including Dangerous Decibels (dangerousdecibels.org), Plug'em, (plugem.co.uk), and our own HEARsmart (hearsmart.org).Mounting campaigns to raise awareness about hearing health is difficult, and undertaking the supporting research is also challenging because the studies are nearly always retrospective and often rely on human memory and recall of past events. Sometimes an element of exaggeration, hype, and even moralization can creep into the literature. Not only is this unhelpful for those of us seeking answers to questions of leisure noise and hearing, it also can lead to mistrust in the very people we are trying to reach.In this issue, I have compiled a body of work from leading researchers around the world that eschews the hype and reflects the breadth and quality of work being done in the area of leisure noise. My aim was to provide readers with a good cross section of current research that sets out the potential risk that leisure noise exposure poses to hearing. Perhaps more importantly, these articles also offer suggestions for ways we can minimize and manage that risk.First up is an article by a group of distinguished U.S. researchers, led by Deanna Meinke, who have put together a comprehensive account of research relating to recreational firearm exposure. They outline the challenges of measuring gun-related noise, demonstrate the very real risk that impulse noise poses to shooters, and present strategies for mitigating this risk. I imagine that many readers will come to regard this article as their go-to reference when advising clients who wish to know more about firearm exposure. The article ends with a call to arms for clinicians: “Aim to be an informed resource in your community.” With this article in your hands, that aim should be a whole lot easier to achieve!The second article, by Gilliver and colleagues, presents the results of a large-scale Australian survey on the use of personal listening devices (PLDs). This topic seems to attract great media attention, perhaps because of the visual ubiquity of earbuds and headphones and the preponderance of young people who use them. PLDs are often the leisure-noise scapegoat, and in this article, the authors seek to clarify the extent to which this is warranted. They conclude that although PLD use throughout the community is widespread, high-risk PLD use is relatively low. Although participants' hearing was not directly assessed, an association between risky PLD use and self-reported listening difficulties suggests that hearing may be impacted. The article concludes with evidence-based recommendations for clinicians and hearing health promoters on how to initiate effective conversations about excessive PLD use with clients and the community.The third article, by Fulbright and colleagues, presents the results of a study into the relatively new topic of hidden hearing loss, thought to be a result of noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy. It is exciting to be drawn into the throes of this new research area, in which researchers are grappling to find the truth by employing a wide range of behavioral, self-report, and electrophysiological methods in different age groups with varying noise exposure histories. Not surprisingly, researchers have been reporting conflicting results and proposing a range of explanations for their findings. This article is no exception: making use of both behavioral and electrophysiological measures, it provides yet more evidence of the elusive nature of the dose–response
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