Transport Bias by Ocean Currents in Sedimentary Microplankton Assemblages: Implications for Paleoceanographic Reconstructions

Peter D. Nooteboom; Peter K. Bijl; Erik van Sebille; Anna S. von der Heydt; Henk A. Dijkstra

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Transport Bias by Ocean Currents in Sedimentary Microplankton Assemblages: Implications for Paleoceanographic Reconstructions

机译：沉积微电偶组合中的海洋电流运输偏见：对古海拔重建的影响

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Microfossils from plankton are used for paleoceanographic reconstructions. An often-made assumption in quantitative microplankton-based paleoceanographic reconstructions is that sedimentary assemblages represent conditions of the directly overlying surface water. However, any immobile particle sinking down the water column is subjected to transport by three-dimensional currents, which results in a lateral relocation along transport.We model dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) transport in a high-resolution (0.1? horizontally) global model of the present-day ocean and compare ocean conditions in the simulated origin of sedimentary particles to that in the directly overlying water.We find that the assumption that sedimentary particles represent the overlying surface waters is in most regions not valid. The bias induced by dinocyst transport depends on ocean current strength and direction, aggregation of particles which could increase the sinking speed, and the sediment sample depth. By using realistic sinking speeds of dinocysts and aggregates, extreme biases up to approximately ±16 ?C warmer or ±4 PSU saltier are found, while other regions show lower bias from particle transport. Our model results provide a way to mechanistically and statistically explain the unexpected occurrences of some dinocyst species outside of their “normal” occurrence region, such as the northerly occurrence of the allegedly sea-ice-affiliated dinocyst Selenopemphix antarctica. Exclusion of such outlier occurrences will yield better constrained ecological affinites for dinocyst species, which has implications for microfossil-based quantitative and qualitative proxies for paleoceanographic conditions.We recommend paleoceanographers to a priori evaluate the (paleo)water depth, oceanographic setting, current strength, and particle aggregation probability for their sedimentary microplankton assemblages.

机译：浮游生物的微体化石被用于古海洋的重建。在基于微型浮游生物的古海洋学定量重建中，一个经常做出的假设是，沉积组合代表了直接覆盖地表水的条件。然而，任何沉入水柱的静止颗粒都会受到三维洋流的输送，从而导致沿输送方向的横向迁移。我们在当今海洋的高分辨率（水平方向为0.1°）全球模型中模拟了甲藻囊（dinocyst）的运输，并将模拟的沉积颗粒来源的海洋条件与直接上覆水中的海洋条件进行了比较。我们发现，沉积颗粒代表上覆地表水的假设在大多数地区是无效的。蓝绿藻输移引起的偏移取决于洋流强度和方向、可提高下沉速度的颗粒聚集以及沉积物样本深度。通过使用岩屑和骨料的实际下沉速度，极端偏差高达约±16°？C发现温度更高或±4 PSU更咸，而其他区域显示出较低的粒子输运偏差。我们的模型结果提供了一种方法，从力学和统计学上解释了一些蓝囊藻物种在其“正常”出现区域之外意外出现的情况，例如据称与南极硒环藻有关的海冰向北出现。排除这些异常点将产生更严格的蓝绿藻物种生态亲缘岩，这对基于微体化石的古海洋条件定量和定性指标具有影响。我们建议古海洋学家对其沉积微浮游生物组合的（古）水深、海洋学背景、海流强度和颗粒聚集概率进行先验评估。

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来源
《Paleoceanography》 |2019年第7期|共17页
作者
Peter D. Nooteboom; Peter K. Bijl; Erik van Sebille; Anna S. von der Heydt; Henk A. Dijkstra;
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作者单位

Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU) Department of Physics Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands;

Marine Palynology and Paleoceanography Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology Department of Earth Sciences Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands;

Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU) Department of Physics Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands;

Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU) Department of Physics Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands;

Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU) Department of Physics Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands;

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正文语种 eng
中图分类海洋学;
关键词
Transport Bias; Ocean Currents; Sedimentary Microplankton;

机译：运输偏见;海洋电流;沉积微生物;

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Transport Bias by Ocean Currents in Sedimentary Microplankton Assemblages: Implications for Paleoceanographic Reconstructions

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