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An ultrafast and clean method to manufacture poly(vinyl alcohol) bead foam products

机译：制造聚（乙烯醇）珠泡沫产品的超快和清洁方法

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Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) foam is a promising environment-friendly packaging material due to the good biodegradability and excellent mechanical properties. Besides, PVA can be produced on a large scale viathe non-petroleum routes. However, the preparation of complex-shaped PVA foam products has not been realized, because PVA is a water-soluble and semi-crystalline polymer with a high melting temperature (226 degrees C), which cannot be welded through the conventional bead foaming technology. In this article, a clean and efficient strategy based on microwave foaming and sintering was innovatively developed to manufacture the PVA bead foam products. First, the expandable PVA beads were prepared through polar solvent-plasticization, followed by supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2))-impregnation in solid-state. The impregnated beads were then surface plasticized with polar solvent by simple coating. Thus, the incorporated polar solvent in the internal and superficial regions of PVA beads was rapidly heated upon exposure to the microwave irradiation, which simultaneously induced the CO(2)foaming and interfacial melting, respectively. In this way, the expansion and welding of PVA beads were completed in a one-step procedure. Meanwhile, the complex-shaped PVA bead foam products with excellent elasticity and intra-bead adhesive strength were prepared within a short period of 30 seconds. Therefore, the microwave heating can be considered as an efficient strategy for preparing the high-performance polymer bead foam products, especially for these high-melting temperature or glass-transition temperature polymers.
机译：聚乙烯醇（PVA）泡沫具有良好的生物降解性和优异的机械性能，是一种很有前途的环保包装材料。此外，PVA可以通过非石油路线大规模生产。然而，复杂形状的PVA泡沫产品的制备尚未实现，因为PVA是一种水溶性半结晶聚合物，具有较高的熔化温度（226℃），无法通过传统的珠状发泡技术进行焊接。本文创新性地开发了一种基于微波发泡和烧结的清洁高效策略来制造PVA珠状泡沫产品。首先，通过极性溶剂塑化，然后通过超临界二氧化碳（scCO（2））固态浸渍制备可膨胀PVA珠。然后用极性溶剂通过简单的涂层对浸渍的珠子进行表面塑化。因此，当暴露于微波辐射下时，聚乙烯醇珠内部和表面区域中加入的极性溶剂被迅速加热，从而分别诱导CO（2）发泡和界面熔化。通过这种方式，PVA珠的膨胀和焊接在一个步骤中完成。同时，在短时间内制备出了具有优异弹性和珠内粘合强度的复合形状PVA珠泡沫制品。因此，微波加热可以被认为是制备高性能聚合物微珠泡沫产品的有效策略，尤其是对于这些高熔点或玻璃化转变温度的聚合物。

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