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首页> 外文期刊>Population and Development Review >A Stalled Revolution? Change in Women's Labor Force Participation during Child-Rearing Years, Europe and the United States 1996-2016
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A Stalled Revolution? Change in Women's Labor Force Participation during Child-Rearing Years, Europe and the United States 1996-2016

机译：一场停滞不前的革命？ 妇女养育年度劳动力参与的变化，欧洲和美国1996-2016

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摘要

While women's labor force participation rates (LFPRs) in the United States stalled over the last quarter-century, European countries exhibited a variety of trajectories. We draw on demographic and gender theories of women's life course to understand changes in women's LFPR during their prime child-rearing years. We build expectations about how aggregate trends may be driven by shifts in the prevalence of key demographic events such as child-rearing (i.e., compositional) versus shifts in the association of these events with women's LFP (i.e., behavioral). We use data from the European Union Labour Force Surveys and the US Current Population Survey in Kitagawa-Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition models to decompose trends in women's LFPR from 1996 to 2016 across 18 countries by educational attainment, partnership status, and parental status for women aged 20-44. Compositional and behavioral shifts positively contribute to higher LFPR in most countries, but lower rates in several others. Behavioral change is not widely shared across groups of women. Partnered mothers without college degrees are the main contributors to behavioral change and show the greatest variability across countries. We suggest greater research attention to this "missing middle," as their LFP is key to understanding change during this period.
机译：尽管美国的女性劳动力参与率（LFPRs）在过去四分之一个世纪里停滞不前，但欧洲国家呈现出各种轨迹。我们利用人口统计学和女性生命历程的性别理论来了解女性在育儿黄金时期的LFPR变化。我们对主要人口统计学事件（如育儿（即构成）的流行率变化与这些事件与女性LFP（即行为）的关联变化如何驱动总体趋势建立了预期。我们使用来自欧盟劳动力调查和美国当前人口调查的数据，在北川盲犬-瓦哈卡分解模型中，根据教育程度、伙伴关系地位和20-44岁女性的父母地位，分解了18个国家1996年至2016年女性LFPR的趋势。在大多数国家，成分和行为的变化对LFPR的提高起到了积极作用，但在其他几个国家，LFPR的提高率较低。行为改变在女性群体中并不普遍存在。没有大学学历的伴侣母亲是行为改变的主要贡献者，在各国表现出最大的差异性。我们建议更多的研究关注这个“缺失的中间点”，因为他们的LFP是理解这一时期变化的关键。

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