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The physics of streamer discharge phenomena

机译：飘带放电现象的物理学

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In this review we describe a transient type of gas discharge which is commonly called a streamer discharge, as well as a few related phenomena in pulsed discharges. Streamers are propagating ionization fronts with self-organized field enhancement at their tips that can appear in atmospheric air, or more generally in gases over distances larger than order 1 cm times N_0/N, where N is gas density and N_0 is gas density under ambient conditions. Streamers are the precursors of other discharges like sparks and lightning, but they also occur in for example corona reactors or plasma jets which are used for a variety of plasma chemical purposes.When enough space is available, streamers can also form at much lower pressures, like in the case of sprite discharges high up in the atmosphere.We explain the structure and basic underlying physics of streamer discharges, and how they scale with gas density.We discuss the chemistry and applications of streamers, and describe their two main stages in detail: inception and propagation.We also look at some other topics, like interaction with flow and heat, related pulsed discharges, and electron runaway and high energy radiation. Finally, we discuss streamer simulations and diagnostics in quite some detail. This review is written with two purposes in mind: first, we describe recent results on the physics of streamer discharges, with a focus on the work performed in our groups.We also describe recent developments in diagnostics and simulations of streamers. Second, we provide background information on the above-mentioned aspects of streamers. This review can therefore be used as a tutorial by researchers starting to work in the field of streamer physics.
机译：在这篇综述中，我们描述了一种瞬态气体放电，通常称为流光放电，以及脉冲放电中的一些相关现象。流光传播电离前沿，尖端具有自组织场增强，可出现在大气中，或更普遍地出现在距离大于1厘米乘以N_0/N的气体中，其中N是气体密度，N_0是环境条件下的气体密度。流光是火花和闪电等其他放电的前兆，但它们也出现在电晕反应器或用于各种等离子体化学用途的等离子体射流中。当有足够的空间可用时，流光也可以在低得多的压力下形成，就像在大气层中高空的精灵放电一样。我们解释了流光放电的结构和基本物理，以及它们如何随气体密度成比例。我们讨论了拖缆的化学和应用，并详细描述了它们的两个主要阶段：起始和传播。我们还研究了其他一些主题，比如与流动和热的相互作用，相关的脉冲放电，以及电子失控和高能辐射。最后，我们将详细讨论拖缆模拟和诊断。这篇综述有两个目的：首先，我们描述了流光放电物理方面的最新结果，重点是我们小组所做的工作。我们还描述了拖缆诊断和模拟的最新发展。其次，我们提供有关拖缆上述方面的背景信息。因此，这篇综述可以作为流光物理领域研究人员的指导。

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