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cemiplimab (LIBTAYO°) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

机译：cemiplimab（libtayo°）和皮肤鳞状细胞癌

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A non-comparative trial in 193 patients, in which fewer than one-third of patients received the planned dose, showed some benefits based on imaging endpoints, but without any established relationship to survival. The adverse effects are sometimes serious and similar to those of other anti-PD-1 immunostimulants. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a skin cancer which results from abnormal proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes, the predominant cell type in the surface layer of the skin. It is most often a localised cancer and is rarely fatal. However, locally advanced, or even metastatic, forms occur in around 2% to 5% of patients (1-4). The first-choice treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is based on surgical excision of the tumour. Radiotherapy is also an option, in particular when surgery is not possible, for example when the risk of serious sequelae is too high. With these treatments, the cure rate at 5 years exceeds 90%. In contrast, in those rare patients with locally advanced or metastatic forms of the disease, when neither surgery nor radiotherapy is possible, the prognosis is grim, with a 5-year survival rate no greater than 10% when there are distant metastases. In this setting, there is no consensus treatment. Off-label use of cytotoxic drugs and EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) inhibitors is sometimes proposed. However, their evaluation is limited to non-comparative studies including a few dozen patients, which is insufficient to establish whether they alter the prognosis (2-5).
机译：一项针对193名患者的非比较性试验显示，基于成像终点，不到三分之一的患者接受了计划剂量，但与生存率没有任何确定的关系。副作用有时很严重，与其他抗PD-1免疫刺激剂类似。皮肤鳞状细胞癌是一种皮肤癌，由表皮角质形成细胞的异常增殖引起，表皮角质形成细胞是皮肤表层的主要细胞类型。它通常是一种局限性癌症，很少致命。然而，大约2%到5%的患者（1-4）出现局部晚期，甚至转移。皮肤鳞状细胞癌的首选治疗方法是手术切除肿瘤。放疗也是一种选择，尤其是在无法进行手术的情况下，例如严重后遗症的风险太高的情况下。通过这些治疗，5年的治愈率超过90%。相比之下，在那些罕见的局部晚期或转移性疾病患者中，如果既不可能进行手术也不可能进行放射治疗，则预后很糟糕，如果有远处转移，5年生存率不超过10%。在这种情况下，没有达成共识的治疗方法。有时会建议非标签使用细胞毒性药物和EGFR（表皮生长因子受体）抑制剂。然而，他们的评估仅限于包括几十名患者在内的非对比研究，这不足以确定他们是否会改变预后（2-5）。

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    《Prescrire international》 |2021年第223期|共2页
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