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首页> 外文期刊>Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory >Biopsychosocial mechanisms associated with tobacco use in smokers with and without serious mental illness
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Biopsychosocial mechanisms associated with tobacco use in smokers with and without serious mental illness

机译：与烟草在吸烟者中使用和没有严重精神疾病的烟草使用的生物心细胞机制

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Smokers with serious mental illness (SMI) are less responsive to cessation treatments than those without SMI. In this study, we compared smokers with and without SMI on validated measures of biological and psychosocial factors associated with tobacco use. Smokers with (n = 58) and without SMI (n = 83) who were enrolled in parallel clinical trials were compared on measures of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure, nicotine exposure, tobacco-specific nitrosamine exposure, craving, smoking motives, affect, perceived stress, environmental exposure to smoke/smokers, respiratory symptoms, tobacco-related health risk perceptions, and whether they had received recent advice to quit smoking from a health care provider. Data were collected between 2013 and 2017 in Providence, Rhode Island, USA. Samples were compared using independent-sample t-tests and chi-squared tests. Smokers with SMI had higher CO, nicotine, and tobacco-specific nitrosamine exposure levels, greater cigarette dependence, higher craving, and higher scores on eight out of eleven smoking motives (p's < 0.05). Smokers with SMI reported more severe respiratory symptoms but lower perceived health risks of tobacco (p's < 0.05). These smokers were more likely to report having received advice to quit from a medical provider in the past 6 weeks (p < 0.05). Affect, stress, and exposure to smoke/smokers did not differ across samples. Our findings advance the understanding of the elevated smoking rates of people with SMI by comparing smokers with and without SMI on validated biopsychosocial measures. There is a need for interventions that reduce craving, reduce smoking motives, and increase risk awareness among smokers with SMI.
机译：患有严重精神疾病（SMI）的吸烟者对戒烟治疗的反应不如没有SMI的吸烟者。在这项研究中，我们比较了有SMI和无SMI的吸烟者与烟草使用相关的生物和心理社会因素的有效测量方法。对参加平行临床试验的有（n=58）和无SMI的吸烟者（n=83）进行一氧化碳（CO）暴露、尼古丁暴露、烟草特有亚硝胺暴露、渴求、吸烟动机、情感、感知压力、吸烟/吸烟者的环境暴露、呼吸道症状、烟草相关健康风险感知、，以及他们最近是否从医疗保健机构得到戒烟建议。数据收集于2013年至2017年间，地点为美国罗得岛州普罗维登斯。使用独立样本t检验和卡方检验对样本进行比较。患有SMI的吸烟者的CO、尼古丁和烟草特有的亚硝胺暴露水平较高，对香烟的依赖性更强，渴望程度更高，在11种吸烟动机中有8种得分更高（p<0.05）。患有SMI的吸烟者报告了更严重的呼吸道症状，但烟草的感知健康风险较低（p<0.05）。这些吸烟者更有可能报告在过去6周内收到医疗机构的戒烟建议（p<0.05）。不同样本的影响、压力和吸烟/吸烟者暴露没有差异。我们的研究结果通过比较患有和未患有SMI的吸烟者在经过验证的生物心理社会指标上的表现，进一步加深了对SMI患者吸烟率升高的理解。有必要采取干预措施，减少对SMI的渴求，减少吸烟动机，提高吸烟者的风险意识。

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