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首页> 外文期刊>Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory >A cross-sectional analysis of associations between lifestyle advice and behavior changes in patients with hypertension or diabetes: NHANES 2015? 2018
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A cross-sectional analysis of associations between lifestyle advice and behavior changes in patients with hypertension or diabetes: NHANES 2015? 2018

机译：高血压或糖尿病患者的生活方式建议和行为变化的关联横截面分析：NHANES 2015？ 2018年

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摘要

Clinicians supporting patients in lifestyle behavior change is an important strategy to help reduce chronic disease burden. Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2015 to 2018, this study assessed rates of and associations between patient-reported receipt of lifestyle behavior change advice and corresponding self-reported behavior change for four different lifestyle behaviors: 1) weight loss, 2) increase physical activity, 3) reduce sodium, and 4) reduce fat and calories. Adult survey respondents with hypertension and/or diabetes (n = 4716) who received lifestyle advice ranged from 43% to 58%, with the most common recommendation being to increase physical activity. Between 61% and 73% of respondents reported currently modifying health behaviors, with the greatest number reporting weight loss. Multiple logistic regression models were used to test associations for each lifestyle behavior advice-behavior change pair, adjusting for demographic characteristics. Compared to those who received no advice, respondents who received advice had significantly higher odds of reporting losing weight (aOR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.51, 2.48); increasing physical activity (aOR 2.02; 95% CI: 1.73, 2.37); reducing dietary sodium (aOR 4.95; 95% CI: 3.93, 6.25); and reducing intake of fat/cal (aOR 3.57; 95% CI: 2.86, 4.45). This study utilized population level data to lend further evidence that provider advice about lifestyle behaviors for patients who have hypertension or diabetes may influence patient behavior. However, prevalence of advice is low, and differences in rates of behavior change exist across socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity, indicating a need to further research how providers might better support patients with varying social needs.
机译：临床医生支持患者改变生活方式和行为是帮助减轻慢性病负担的重要策略。本研究使用2015年至2018年的国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据，评估了患者报告接受生活方式行为改变建议的比率和四种不同生活方式行为的相应自我报告行为改变之间的关联：1）减肥，2）增加体力活动，3）减少钠，4）减少脂肪和卡路里。接受生活方式建议的高血压和/或糖尿病（n=4716）成年人调查受访者的比例从43%到58%不等，最常见的建议是增加体力活动。61%至73%的受访者表示目前正在改变健康行为，其中大部分人表示体重减轻。多元逻辑回归模型用于测试每个生活方式-行为-建议-行为改变对的关联性，并根据人口统计学特征进行调整。与未接受建议的受访者相比，接受建议的受访者报告体重减轻的几率显著更高（aOR:1.93；95%可信区间：1.51,2.48）；增加体力活动（aOR 2.02；95%可信区间：1.73,2.37）；减少膳食钠（aOR 4.95；95%可信区间：3.93,6.25）；以及减少脂肪/钙的摄入（aOR 3.57；95%可信区间：2.86,4.45）。这项研究利用了人群水平的数据，进一步证明了提供者对高血压或糖尿病患者生活方式行为的建议可能会影响患者的行为。然而，咨询的普及率很低，不同社会经济地位和种族/民族的行为改变率存在差异，这表明需要进一步研究提供者如何更好地支持具有不同社会需求的患者。

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