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首页> 外文期刊>Preventive Medicine: An International Journal Devoted to Practice and Theory >High level of co-occurrence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among Gambian adults: A national population-based health examination survey
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High level of co-occurrence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among Gambian adults: A national population-based health examination survey

机译：冈比亚成人中非传染性疾病的高水平共同发生危险因素：全国人口的健康检查调查

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摘要

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Co-occurrence of risk factors predisposes an individual to NCDs; the burden increases cumulatively with the number of risk factors. Our study aimed to examine the co-occurrence of NCD risk factors among adults in The Gambia. This study is based on a random nationally representative sample of 4111 adults aged 25-64 years (78% response rate) with data collected between January and March 2010 in The Gambia using the WHO STEPwise survey methods. We restricted our analysis to non-pregnant participants with valid information on five NCD risk factors: high blood pressure, smoking, obesity, low fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical inactivity (n = 3000 adults with complete data on all risk factors). We conducted age-adjusted and fully-adjusted gender stratified multinomial logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with the number of NCD risk factors. More than 90% of adults had at least one risk factor. Only 7% (95% CI: 5.2-9.8) had no risk factor; 22% (95% CI: 19.1-24.9) had at least three. Older age and ethnicity were significantly associated with having three or more risk factors (versus none) among men in the fully adjusted model. Lower education, older age, and urban residence were significantly associated with three or more risk factors (versus none) among women. The burden of NCDs is expected to increase in The Gambia if preventive and control measures are not taken. There should be an integrated approach targeting all risk factors, including wider treatment and control of hypertension.
机译：非传染性疾病（NCD）是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。风险因素的共同出现使个体易患NCD；这种负担随着风险因素的增多而累积增加。我们的研究旨在调查冈比亚成年人中NCD风险因素的共同发生情况。本研究基于4111名25-64岁成年人（78%应答率）的随机全国代表性样本，使用世卫组织逐步调查方法收集了2010年1月至3月冈比亚的数据。我们的分析仅限于未怀孕的参与者，他们拥有关于五个非传染性疾病风险因素的有效信息：高血压、吸烟、肥胖、水果和蔬菜消费量低以及缺乏运动（n=3000名成年人，所有风险因素的完整数据）。我们进行了年龄调整和完全调整的性别分层多项逻辑回归分析，以确定与NCD风险因素数量相关的因素。超过90%的成年人至少有一个危险因素。只有7%（95%CI:5.2-9.8）没有危险因素；22%（95%可信区间：19.1-24.9）至少有三个。在完全调整后的模型中，年龄和种族与男性中有三个或三个以上的风险因素（而不是没有）显著相关。在女性中，教育程度较低、年龄较大和城市居住地与三个或三个以上的风险因素显著相关（而不是没有）。如果不采取预防和控制措施，冈比亚的非传染性疾病负担预计会增加。应该有针对所有风险因素的综合方法，包括更广泛的高血压治疗和控制。

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