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White matter and schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging studies

机译：白质和精神分裂症：基于体形态的形态学和扩散张量成像研究的荟萃分析

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Abstract Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are the most implemented methodologies to detect alterations of both gray and white matter (WM). However, the role of WM in mental disorders is still not well defined. We aimed at clarifying the role of WM disruption in schizophrenia and at identifying the most frequently involved brain networks. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify VBM and DTI studies focusing on WM alterations in patients with schizophrenia compared to control subjects. We selected studies reporting the coordinates of WM reductions and we performed the anatomical likelihood estimation (ALE). Moreover, we labeled the WM bundles with an anatomical atlas and compared VBM and DTI ALE-scores of each significant WM tract. A total of 59 studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. WM alterations were reported in 31 and 34 foci with VBM and DTI methods, respectively. The most occurred WM bundles in both VBM and DTI studies and largely involved in schizophrenia were long projection fibers, callosal and commissural fibers, part of motor descending fibers, and fronto-temporal-limbic pathways. The meta-analysis showed a widespread WM disruption in schizophrenia involving specific cerebral circuits instead of well-defined regions. Highlights ? White matter reductions in schizophrenia involve specific cerebral circuits. ? Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) detect some shared WM bundles. ? Meta-regression analyses found significant effects of age, duration of illness, and gender on several WM bundles. ? The bundles detected by both methodologies may be the “core tracts” of the WM impairments in schizophrenia. ? Schizophrenia seems to be characterized by several dysfunctionalities and disconnections of a widespread cerebral network.
机译：摘要基于体素的形态计量学（VBM）和扩散张量成像（DTI）是检测灰质和白质（WM）变化的最常用方法。然而，西医在精神疾病中的作用尚不明确。我们的目的是阐明工作记忆中断在精神分裂症中的作用，并确定最常涉及的大脑网络。进行了系统的文献检索，以确定与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的VBM和DTI研究侧重于WM改变。我们选择了报告WM减少坐标的研究，并进行了解剖似然估计（ALE）。此外，我们用解剖图谱标记了WM束，并比较了每个重要WM束的VBM和DTI ALE评分。共有59项研究符合荟萃分析的条件。用VBM和DTI方法分别报告了31个和34个病灶的WM改变。在VBM和DTI研究中，最常见的WM束主要与精神分裂症有关，包括长投射纤维、胼胝体和连合纤维、部分运动下行纤维和额颞边缘通路。荟萃分析显示，精神分裂症患者普遍存在WM干扰，涉及特定的大脑回路，而不是明确定义的区域。亮点？精神分裂症患者的白质减少涉及特定的脑回路？基于体素的形态计量学（VBM）和扩散张量成像（DTI）检测到一些共享的WM束？元回归分析发现，年龄、病程和性别对几种WM束有显著影响？这两种方法检测到的束可能是精神分裂症WM损害的“核心束”？精神分裂症的特征似乎是多个功能失调和广泛的大脑网络断开。

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