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首页> 外文期刊>Pure and Applied Geophysics >Geocomputation and Spatial Modelling for Geographical Drought Risk Assessment: A Case Study of the Hustopee Area, Czech Republic
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Geocomputation and Spatial Modelling for Geographical Drought Risk Assessment: A Case Study of the Hustopee Area, Czech Republic

机译：地理干旱风险评估的地理跟踪与空间建模 - 以捷克共和国喧嚣地区为例

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摘要

The phenomenon of drought is serious in many landscapes with continental patterns of climate. In fact, drought risk is usually assessed in terms of prevailing issue (meteorological, hydrological, agronomical, etc.) and not in terms of complex landscape features. A procedure for detailed geographical drought risk modelling has been developed using recent meteorological data of dry period and prior precipitations, as well as a digital elevation model and geographic data layers of natural landscape features and land cover. The current version of the procedure starts with meteorological data (temperature and precipitation) processing followed by the use of soil and geological data and land cover, the national CORINE LC 2006 CZ database, for assessing the impact of the local natural features on drought risk. The methodology is based on GIS tools, geodata of the geological structure of the area (water holding capacity of the substrate, the horizontal and vertical water conductivity), soil cover (in agricultural and forested areas, soil types and kinds), landscape cover (land use), relief (digital elevation model and its derivatives), temperature and precipitation data from neighbouring representative meteorological and climate stations. The procedure uses regression equation for temperature and precipitation risk modelling, fuzzy standardization for estimation of different water retention within land cover categories and expert estimation for risk categories within rocks and soils. The final calculation is based on spatial decision-making techniques, especially the weighted sum method with a natural breaks reclassification algorithm. Combining geodata of soils, the geological environment and the active surface with their computed humidity conditions, it is possible to identify areas with a graded risk of geographic drought. The final results do not represent partial values, but identify five risk classes in the study area illustrating a possible level of geographical drought risk.
机译：干旱现象在许多具有大陆气候模式的景观中非常严重。事实上，干旱风险通常是根据普遍存在的问题（气象、水文、农学等）而不是复杂的景观特征来评估的。利用干旱期和先前降水的最新气象数据，以及自然景观特征和土地覆盖的数字高程模型和地理数据层，开发了详细的地理干旱风险建模程序。当前版本的程序从气象数据（温度和降水）处理开始，然后使用土壤和地质数据以及土地覆盖，即国家CORINE LC 2006 CZ数据库，评估当地自然特征对干旱风险的影响。该方法基于GIS工具、该地区地质结构的地理数据（基质的持水能力、水平和垂直导水率）、土壤覆盖（农业和森林地区、土壤类型和种类）、景观覆盖（土地利用）、地形（数字高程模型及其衍生工具），来自邻近代表性气象和气候站的温度和降水数据。该程序使用回归方程进行温度和降水风险建模，模糊标准化用于估算土地覆盖类别内的不同蓄水量，以及专家估算岩石和土壤内的风险类别。最后的计算是基于空间决策技术，特别是加权和法和自然中断重新分类算法。将土壤、地质环境和活动表面的地理数据与其计算的湿度条件相结合，可以确定具有地理干旱分级风险的区域。最终结果并不代表部分数值，但确定了研究区域的五个风险等级，说明了地理干旱风险的可能水平。

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