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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Dissociating cholinergic influence on alertness and temporal attention in primates in a simple reaction time paradigm
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Dissociating cholinergic influence on alertness and temporal attention in primates in a simple reaction time paradigm

机译：在简单反应时间范式中，解散对灵性的警觉性和时间注意力

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摘要

The ability to promptly respond to behaviourally relevant events depends on both general alertness and phasic changes in attentional state driven by temporal expectations. Using a variable foreperiod simple reaction time (RT) task in four adult male rhesus macaques, we investigated the role of the cholinergic system in alertness and temporal expectation. Foreperiod effects on RT reflect temporal expectation, while alertness is quantified as overall response speed. We measured these RT parameters under vehicle treatment and systemic administration of the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine. We also investigated whether and to what extent the effects of scopolamine were reversed by donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor widely used for the treatment of dementia. In the control condition, RT showed a continuous decrease as the foreperiod duration increased, which clearly indicated the effect of temporal expectation on RT. This foreperiod effect was mainly detectable on the faster tail of the RT distribution and was eliminated by scopolamine. Furthermore, scopolamine treatment slowed down the average RT. Donepezil treatment was efficient on the slower tail of the RT distribution and improved scopolamine-induced impairments only on the average RT reflecting a general beneficial effect on alertness without any improvement in temporal expectation. The present results highlight the role of the cholinergic system in temporal expectation and alertness in primates and help delineate the efficacy and scope of donepezil and other cholinomimetic agents as cognitive enhancers in present and future clinical practice.
机译：对行为相关事件做出迅速反应的能力取决于总体警觉性和由时间期望驱动的注意力状态的阶段性变化。通过对四只成年雄性恒河猴进行可变前周期简单反应时（RT）任务，我们研究了胆碱能系统在警觉性和时间期望中的作用。RT的前期效应反映了时间期望，而警觉性则被量化为整体反应速度。我们在载体治疗和全身给药毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂东莨菪碱的情况下测量了这些RT参数。我们还研究了东莨菪碱是否以及在多大程度上被广泛用于治疗痴呆症的胆碱酯酶抑制剂多奈哌齐逆转。在对照条件下，RT随着前期持续时间的增加而持续下降，这清楚地表明了时间期望对RT的影响。这种前期效应主要在RT分布的快尾上可以检测到，并被东莨菪碱消除。此外，东莨菪碱治疗减慢了平均RT。多奈哌齐治疗在RT分布的较慢尾部有效，并且仅在平均RT上改善东莨菪碱诱导的损伤，反映出对警觉性的总体有益影响，而不改善时间期望。目前的结果强调了胆碱能系统在灵长类动物的时间期望和警觉性中的作用，并有助于描述多奈哌齐和其他拟胆碱药物作为认知增强剂在当前和未来临床实践中的功效和范围。

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