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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Roles of motor and cortical activity in sleep rebound in rat
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Roles of motor and cortical activity in sleep rebound in rat

机译：电机与皮质活动在大鼠睡眠中的角色

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Sleep pressure that builds up gradually during the extended wakefulness results in sleep rebound. Several lines of evidence, however, suggest that wake per se may not be sufficient to drive sleep rebound and that rapid eye movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep rebound may be differentially regulated. In this study, we investigated the relative contribution of brain versus physical activities in REM and NREM sleep rebound by four sets of experiments. First, we forced locomotion in rats in a rotating wheel for 4 hr and examined subsequent sleep rebound. Second, we exposed the rats lacking homeostatic sleep response after prolonged quiet wakefulness and arousal brain activity induced by chemoactivation of parabrachial nucleus to the same rotating wheel paradigm and tested if physical activity could rescue the sleep homeostasis. Third, we varied motor activity levels while concurrently inhibiting the cortical activity by administering ketamine or xylazine (motor inhibitor), or ketamine + xylazine mixture and investigated if motor activity in the absence of activated cortex can cause NREM sleep rebound. Fourth and finally, we manipulated cortical activity by administering ketamine (that induced active wakefulness and waking brain) alone or in combination with atropine (that selectively inhibits the cortex) and studied if cortical inhibition irrespective of motor activity levels can block REM sleep rebound. Our results demonstrate that motor activity but not cortical activity determines NREM sleep rebound whereas cortical activity but not motor activity determines REM sleep rebound.
机译：睡眠压力在长时间的清醒中逐渐增加，导致睡眠反弹。然而，一些证据表明，觉醒本身可能不足以推动睡眠反弹，快速眼动（REM）和非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠反弹可能受到不同的调节。在这项研究中，我们通过四组实验研究了大脑对REM和NREM睡眠反弹中身体活动的相对贡献。首先，我们强迫大鼠在旋转的轮子中移动4小时，并检查随后的睡眠反弹。其次，我们将臂旁核化学激活诱导的长时间安静觉醒和觉醒脑活动后缺乏稳态睡眠反应的大鼠暴露于同一旋转轮范式，并测试体力活动是否可以挽救睡眠稳态。第三，我们通过服用氯胺酮或甲苯噻嗪（运动抑制剂）或氯胺酮+甲苯噻嗪混合物来改变运动活动水平，同时抑制皮层活动，并研究在没有激活皮层的情况下运动活动是否会导致NREM睡眠反弹。第四，也是最后一点，我们通过单独或与阿托品（选择性抑制皮质）联合使用氯胺酮（诱导活跃的觉醒和清醒的大脑）来操纵皮质活动，并研究皮质抑制是否可以阻止REM睡眠反弹，而不考虑运动活动水平。我们的结果表明，运动活动而非皮层活动决定NREM睡眠反弹，而皮层活动而非运动活动决定REM睡眠反弹。

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