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首页> 外文期刊>The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy. >Profile of Antimicrobial Use in the Pediatric Population of a University Hospital Centre, 2015/16 to 2018/19
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Profile of Antimicrobial Use in the Pediatric Population of a University Hospital Centre, 2015/16 to 2018/19

机译：2015/16至2018/19的大学医院中心儿科人口抗菌用药概况

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Background: Antimicrobial stewardship is a standard practice in health facilities to reduce both the misuse of antimicrobials and the risk of resistance. Objective: To determine the profile of antimicrobial use in the pediatric population of a university hospital centre from 2015/16 to 2018/19. Methods: In this retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study, the pharmacy information system was used to determine the number of days of therapy (DOTs) and the defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 patient-days (PDs) for each antimicrobial and for specified care units in each year of the study period. For each measure, the ratio of 2018/19 to 2015/16 values was also calculated (and expressed as a proportion); where the value of this proportion was <= 0.8 or > 1.2 (indicating a substantial change over the study period), an explanatory rating was assigned by consensus. Results: Over the study period, 94 antimicrobial agents were available at the study hospital: 70 antibiotics (including antiparasitics and antituberculosis drugs), 14 antivirals, and 10 antifungals. The total number of DOTs per 1000 PDs declined from 904 in 2015/16 to 867 in 2018/19. The 5 most commonly used antimicrobials over the years, expressed as minimum/maximum DOTs per 1000 PDs, were piperacillin-tazobactam (78/105), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (74/84), ampicillin (51/69), vancomycin (53/68), and cefotaxime (55/58). In the same period, the care units with the most antimicrobial use (expressed as minimum/ maximum DOTs per 1000 PDs) were hematology-oncology (2529/2723), pediatrics (1006/1408), and pediatric intensive care (1328/1717). Conclusions: This study showed generally stable consumption of antimicrobials from 2015/16 to 2018/19 in a Canadian mother-and-child university hospital centre. Although consumption was also stable within drug groups (antibiotics, antivirals, and antifungals), there were important changes over time for some individual drugs. Several factors may explain these variations, including disruptions in supply, changes in practice, and changes in the prevalence of infections. Surveillance of antimicrobial use is an essential component of an antimicrobial stewardship program.
机译：背景：抗菌药物管理是卫生设施的标准做法，以减少抗菌药物的滥用和耐药性风险。目的：确定2015/16至2018/19年间某大学医院中心儿科人群的抗菌药物使用情况。方法：在这项回顾性、描述性、横断面研究中，使用药房信息系统确定研究期间每一年每1000个患者日的治疗天数（DOTs）和每1000个患者日的限定日剂量（DDD）。对于每项测量，还计算了2018/19与2015/16的比值（并以比例表示）；如果该比例的值<=0.8或>1.2（表明在研究期间发生了重大变化），则以一致意见分配解释性评级。结果：在研究期间，研究医院有94种抗菌药物可用：70种抗生素（包括抗寄生虫和抗结核药物）、14种抗病毒药物和10种抗真菌药物。每1000个PDs的点数总数从2015/16年的904个下降到2018/19年的867个。多年来最常用的5种抗菌药物，以每1000个PDs的最小/最大点数表示，分别为哌拉西林-他唑巴坦（78/105）、甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑（74/84）、氨苄西林（51/69）、万古霉素（53/68）和头孢噻肟（55/58）。在同一时期，抗菌药物使用最多（以每1000 PDs最小/最大点数表示）的护理单位为血液肿瘤科（2529/2723）、儿科（1006/1408）和儿科重症监护科（1328/1717）。结论：这项研究表明，从2015/16年到2018/19年，加拿大母婴大学医院中心的抗菌药物消费总体稳定。虽然药物组（抗生素、抗病毒药物和抗真菌药物）的消费量也比较稳定，但随着时间的推移，一些个别药物的消费量发生了重大变化。有几个因素可以解释这些变化，包括供应中断、实践变化和感染流行率的变化。抗菌药物使用监测是抗菌药物管理计划的重要组成部分。

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