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首页> 外文期刊>The International journal of drug policy >Precarity, poverty and poppy: Encountering development in the uplands of Shan State, Myanmar
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Precarity, poverty and poppy: Encountering development in the uplands of Shan State, Myanmar

机译：prefarity，贫困和罂粟：遇到山州高地的发展，缅甸

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In recent years there have been growing calls for ?development-oriented drug policies ? to tackle illicit drug cultivation in the global South. Calls to integrate drugs and development have been important in demonstrating the damage caused by the war on drugs to marginalized communities and in drawing attention to how drug cultivation is inextricably linked to wider development challenges. However, this paper argues that the emerging policy agenda to ?developmentalise? drug policy is founded upon a simplified and misleading conceptualization of the relationship between poverty, development and illicit drug cultivation. Most problematically, it overlooks the fact that people who cultivate drugs because they are poor are not just those who have been ?left behind? by development. They are also those who have experienced new forms of immiseration and precarity as a consequence of processes of economic liberalization, market integration and agricultural ?modernization?. Confronting this blindspot, this article analyses the drivers of rising illicit opium cultivation across parts of Shan State, Myanmar, since the late 1990s. The paper argues that if the current agenda to developmentalise drug policy is to make a meaningful contribution to the lives of the rural poor in drug-producing regions in Myanmar and beyond, it must confront the fact that for many households the decision to cultivate opium has been a response to the very processes of market-led rural development that policymakers claim will alleviate poverty.
机译：近年来，越来越多的人呼吁采取什么行动？面向发展的药物政策？解决全球南方的非法药物种植问题。呼吁将毒品与发展结合起来，对于展示禁毒战争对边缘化社区造成的损害，以及提请人们注意毒品种植如何与更广泛的发展挑战密不可分具有重要意义。然而，本文认为，新兴的政策议程是什么？发展？毒品政策的基础是对贫困、发展和非法毒品种植之间关系的简化和误导性概念。最有问题的是，它忽略了一个事实，即那些因为贫穷而种植毒品的人不仅仅是那些曾经种植毒品的人？落在后面？通过发展。他们也是由于经济自由化、市场一体化和农业改革进程而经历了新形式的贫困和不稳定的人？现代化？。面对这一盲点，本文分析了自20世纪90年代末以来缅甸掸邦部分地区非法鸦片种植上升的驱动因素。该文件认为，如果当前的毒品政策发展议程要对缅甸及其他毒品生产地区的农村穷人的生活做出有意义的贡献，就必须面对这样一个事实，即对许多家庭来说，种植鸦片的决定是对政策制定者声称将减轻贫困的市场主导的农村发展进程的回应。

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