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Of Bumping and Bending: Foreign Universities' FDI Strategies in Malaysia

机译:颠簸和弯曲:马来西亚外国大学的直接投资策略

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摘要

Universities from varying institutional and geographical contexts have increasingly invested in offshore subsidiaries in the Malaysian private higher education sector. Literature on transnational education policy and management as well as economic-geographic accounts of firms' transnationalisation or public service provision have not investigated foreign providers' direct investment and market access strategies in the higher education sector. This paper addresses these gaps, showing how and why foreign actors' investment and market involvement in Malaysia have changed. Empirical data is drawn from qualitative interviews and policy documents. The research reveals that foreign universities have strategically modified their business partnerships and bi-national accreditation to bypass and bend state regulation of market access as well as to restructure internal organisation and geographical configuration. The paper proposes conceptualising foreign higher education providers as transnationalising, reflexive networks within networks that respond to dynamic market access regulation by adopting firm-like investment strategies.
机译:来自不同机构和地理环境的大学越来越多地投资于马来西亚私立高等教育部门的离岸子公司。关于跨国教育政策和管理的文献,以及关于企业跨国化或公共服务提供的经济地理账户,都没有调查外国供应商在高等教育领域的直接投资和市场准入战略。本文探讨了这些差距,展示了外国行为者在马来西亚的投资和市场参与发生变化的方式和原因。实证数据来自定性访谈和政策文件。这项研究表明,外国大学已经从战略上修改了它们的商业伙伴关系和两国认证,以绕过和弯曲国家对市场准入的监管,并重组内部组织和地域结构。本文建议将外国高等教育提供者概念化为跨国的、自反的网络,通过采用类似企业的投资策略,在网络中响应动态的市场准入监管。

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