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首页> 外文期刊>Developmental dynamics: an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists >Microtubules provide guidance cues for myofibril and sarcomere assembly and growth.
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Microtubules provide guidance cues for myofibril and sarcomere assembly and growth.

机译：Microtubelules为肌纤维和萨马雷组装和生长提供指导提示。

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Background: Muscle myofibrils and sarcomeres present exceptional examples of highly ordered cytoskeletal filament arrays, whose distinct spatial organization is an essential aspect of muscle cell functionality. We utilized ultra-structural analysis to investigate the assembly of myofibrils and sarcomeres within developing myotubes of the indirect flight musculature of Drosophila. Results: A temporal sequence composed of three major processes was identified: subdivision of the unorganized cytoplasm of nascent, multi-nucleated myotubes into distinct organelle-rich and filament-rich domains; initial organization of the filament-rich domains into myofibrils harboring nascent sarcomeric units; and finally, maturation of the highly-ordered pattern of sarcomeric thick (myosin-based) and thin (microfilament-based) filament arrays in parallel to myofibril radial growth. Significantly, organized microtubule arrays were present throughout these stages and exhibited dynamic changes in their spatial patterns consistent with instructive roles. Genetic manipulations confirm these notions, and imply specific and critical guidance activities of the microtubule-based cyto-skeleton, as well as structural interdependence between the myosin- and actin-based filament arrays. Conclusions: Our observations highlight a surprisingly significant, behind-the-scenes role for microtubules in establishment of myofibril and sarcomere spatial patterns and size, and provide a detailed account of the interplay between major cytoskeletal elements in generating these essential contractile myogenic units.
机译：背景：肌肉肌原纤维和肌节是高度有序的细胞骨架丝阵列的特例，其独特的空间组织是肌肉细胞功能的一个重要方面。我们利用超微结构分析来研究果蝇间接飞行肌肉组织发育中肌管内肌原纤维和肌节的组装。结果：确定了一个由三个主要过程组成的时间序列：将新生多核肌管的无组织细胞质细分为不同的富含细胞器和纤维的区域；最初将富含纤维的结构域组织成含有新生肌节单位的肌原纤维；最后，肌节粗（基于肌球蛋白）和细（基于微丝）纤维阵列的高度有序模式的成熟与肌原纤维的径向生长平行。值得注意的是，有组织的微管阵列在这些阶段都存在，并在其空间模式上表现出与指导作用一致的动态变化。基因操作证实了这些概念，并暗示了基于微管的细胞骨架的特定和关键指导活动，以及基于肌球蛋白和肌动蛋白的微丝阵列之间的结构相互依赖性。结论：我们的观察结果突出了微管在建立肌原纤维和肌节空间模式和大小中的重要作用，并详细说明了主要细胞骨架元素之间的相互作用，从而产生这些基本的收缩性肌源性单位。

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