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首页> 外文期刊>Domestic Animal Endocrinology >Novel actions of kisspeptin signaling outside of GnRH-mediated fertility: a potential role in energy balance
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Novel actions of kisspeptin signaling outside of GnRH-mediated fertility: a potential role in energy balance

机译：Kispeptin信号传导在GNRH介导的生育率之外的新动作：能量平衡中的潜在作用

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Kisspeptin, encoded by Kiss1 gene expressing neurons in the hypothalamus, is a requisite for fertility and now appears critical in the regulation of energy balance. Kisspeptin neurons, particularly those in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), receive information directly and indirectly from a diverse array of brain regions including the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, amygdala, interpeduncular nucleus, hippocampus, and cortex. On the other hand, kisspeptin neuron projections clearly extend to GnRH neuron cell bodies in rodents, sheep, and primates and beyond to other-non-GnRH-brain areas. Kisslr, the kisspeptin receptor, is expressed on GnRH neurons and also in additional brain areas and peripheral tissues, indicating a nonreproductive role. Kisspeptin neurons clearly receive signals pertinent to deviations in energy balance but are now recognized as a novel neuroendocrine player in the fine balance of energy intake and expenditure. Mice that have a dysfunctional gene for Kiss1r develop an obese and diabetic phenotype. The mechanism behind this altered metabolic state is still mostly unknown; however, Kiss1r expression in the pancreas and brown adipose tissue is clearly functional and required for normal glucose tolerance and energy expenditure, respectively. Kisspeptin neurons in the ARC also participate in the generation of circadian rhythms, specifically those concerning food intake and metabolism, offering a potential explanation for the obesity in Kiss1r knockout mice. Overall, the discoveries of new mechanistic roles for kisspeptin in both normal and pathophysiologic states of energy balance may lead to further understating of obesity prevalence and novel therapeutic targets and interventions. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：Kisspeptin由下丘脑中表达Kiss1基因的神经元编码，是生育力的必要条件，现在在能量平衡的调节中显得至关重要。Kisspeptin神经元，尤其是弓状核（ARC）中的神经元，直接或间接地从不同的大脑区域接收信息，包括终纹床核、杏仁核、脚间核、海马和皮质。另一方面，kisspeptin神经元投射明显延伸到啮齿动物、绵羊和灵长类动物的GnRH神经元胞体，并延伸到其他非GnRH脑区。Kisslr是kisspeptin受体，在GnRH神经元上表达，也在其他脑区和周围组织中表达，表明其具有非生产性作用。Kisspeptin神经元显然接收到与能量平衡偏差相关的信号，但现在被认为是能量摄入和消耗精细平衡的一个新的神经内分泌参与者。具有Kiss1r功能失调基因的小鼠会出现肥胖和糖尿病表型。这种代谢状态改变背后的机制目前仍不清楚；然而，Kiss1r在胰腺和棕色脂肪组织中的表达显然是功能性的，分别是正常糖耐量和能量消耗所必需的。ARC中的Kisspeptin神经元也参与昼夜节律的产生，特别是与食物摄入和代谢有关的节律，为Kiss1r基因敲除小鼠的肥胖提供了一个潜在的解释。总的来说，kisspeptin在能量平衡的正常和病理生理状态下的新机制作用的发现可能会导致进一步了解肥胖患病率以及新的治疗目标和干预措施。（C） 2020爱思唯尔公司版权所有。

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