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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Archaeological Science >Deciphering the complexity of a 'simple' mesolithic phenomenon: Indicators for construction, use and taphonomy of pit hearths in Kampen (the Netherlands)
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Deciphering the complexity of a 'simple' mesolithic phenomenon: Indicators for construction, use and taphonomy of pit hearths in Kampen (the Netherlands)

机译：解读“简单”中石体现象的复杂性：Kampen（荷兰）坑壁炉的施工，使用和纺织学的指标

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摘要

Pit hearth features form a common phenomenon in the Mesolithic of North-West Europe, and the Netherlands and adjacent parts of Germany and Belgium in particular. Using soil micromorphology, we investigated the genesis and taphonomy of several pit hearth features, embedded in sandy podzolic soils from Kampen (the Netherlands). This is one of the first studies to investigate one of such pits in its entirety, instead of only the lower, charcoal-rich fill. Our results show that the upper fill of these pits contains considerable amounts of noncharred degraded organic matter. The lower fill typically contains fragments of charcoal and some wood tar, but also black coatings around sand grains, that is interpreted as charred humus from a podzol B-horizon. These coatings indicate that material from the upper horizons of a podzol profile - e.g. in the form of turves - was used to control a fire on the floor of the pit.
机译：在欧洲西北部的中石器时代，尤其是荷兰以及德国和比利时的邻近地区，坑道特征形成了一种常见的现象。利用土壤微形态学，我们研究了几种坑床特征的成因和埋藏结构，这些特征嵌入了来自坎彭（荷兰）的砂质灰化土中。这是第一批对此类坑进行整体调查的研究之一，而不是仅对较低、富含木炭的填充物进行调查。我们的研究结果表明，这些坑的上部填充物中含有大量未被破坏的降解有机物。较低的填料通常含有木炭碎片和一些木焦油，但沙粒周围也有黑色涂层，这被解释为灰烬B层的烧焦腐殖质。这些涂层表明，灰烬剖面上层的材料（例如，以turves的形式）用于控制矿坑地面的火灾。

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