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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of applied social psychology >Hindsight bias and outcome bias in judging directors' liability and the role of free will beliefs
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Hindsight bias and outcome bias in judging directors' liability and the role of free will beliefs

机译：在评估董事责任和自由的作用中的后敏感偏见和结果偏见

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摘要

Following a corporate disaster such as bankruptcy, people in general and damaged parties, in particular, want to know what happened and whether the company's directors are to blame. The accurate assessment of directors' liability can be jeopardized by having to judge in hindsight with full knowledge of the adverse outcome. The present study investigates whether professional legal investigators such as judges and lawyers are affected by hindsight bias and outcome bias when evaluating directors' conduct in a bankruptcy case. Additionally, to advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these biases, we also examine whether free will beliefs can predict susceptibility to hindsight bias and outcome bias in this context. In two studies (total N = 1,729), we demonstrate that legal professionals tend to judge a director's actions more negatively and perceive bankruptcy as more foreseeable in hindsight than in foresight and that these effects are significantly stronger for those who endorse the notion that humans have free will. This contribution is particularly timely considering the many companies that are currently going bankrupt or are facing bankruptcy amidst the COVD-19 pandemic.
机译：在破产等公司灾难发生后，一般人，尤其是受损方，都想知道发生了什么，以及公司董事是否应该承担责任。必须在充分了解不利结果的情况下事后作出判断，可能会危及对董事责任的准确评估。本研究调查了法官和律师等专业法律调查人员在评估破产案件中的董事行为时是否受到事后偏见和结果偏见的影响。此外，为了增进我们对这些偏见背后机制的理解，我们还研究了自由意志信念是否可以预测这种背景下对事后诸葛亮偏见和结果偏见的易感性。在两项研究中（总计N=1729），我们证明，法律专业人士倾向于对董事的行为做出更负面的判断，认为破产在事后看来比在预见中更可预见，而且对于那些赞同人类有自由意志这一概念的人来说，这些影响要明显更强。考虑到许多公司目前正在破产或在新冠肺炎大流行中面临破产，这一贡献尤其及时。

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  • 作者

    Strohmaier Niek; Pluut Helen; van den Bos Kees; Adriaanse Jan; Vriesendorp Reinout;

  • 作者单位

    Leiden Univ Dept Business Studies Steenschuur 25 NL-2311 ES Leiden Netherlands;

    Leiden Univ Dept Business Studies Steenschuur 25 NL-2311 ES Leiden Netherlands;

    Univ Utrecht Dept Psychol Utrecht Netherlands;

    Leiden Univ Dept Business Studies Steenschuur 25 NL-2311 ES Leiden Netherlands;

    Leiden Univ Dept Business Studies Steenschuur 25 NL-2311 ES Leiden Netherlands;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 B849:C91;
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