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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Comparative Physiology, B. Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology >Body temperatures of hibernating little brown bats reveal pronounced behavioural activity during deep torpor and suggest a fever response during white-nose syndrome
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Body temperatures of hibernating little brown bats reveal pronounced behavioural activity during deep torpor and suggest a fever response during white-nose syndrome

机译：冬眠的小棕色蝙蝠的身体温度揭示了在深层扭力期间明显的行为活动，并在白鼻综合征期间提出了发烧反应

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Hibernating animals use torpor [reduced body temperature (T (b)) and metabolic rate] to reduce energy expenditure during winter. Periodic arousals to normal T (b) are energetically expensive, so hibernators trade off arousal benefits against energetic costs. This is especially important for bats with white-nose syndrome (WNS), a fungal disease causing increased arousal frequency. Little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) with WNS show upregulation of endogenous pyrogens and sickness behaviour. Therefore, we hypothesized that WNS should cause a fever response characterized by elevated T (b). Hibernators could also accrue some benefits of arousals with minimal T (b) increase, thus avoiding full arousal costs. We compared skin temperature (T (sk)) of captive Myotis lucifugus inoculated with the WNS-causing fungus to T (sk) of sham-inoculated controls. Infected bats re-warmed to higher T (sk) during arousals which is consistent with a fever response. Torpid T (sk) did not differ. During what we term "cold arousals", bats exhibited movement following T (sk) increases of only 2.2 +/- 0.3 A degrees C, compared to & 20 A degrees C increases during normal arousals. Cold arousals occurred in both infected and control bats, suggesting they are not a pathophysiological consequence of WNS. Fever responses are energetically costly and could exacerbate energy limitation and premature fat depletion for bats with WNS. Cold arousals could represent an energy-saving mechanism for both healthy and WNS-affected bats when complete arousals are unnecessary or too costly. A few cold arousals were observed mid-hibernation, typically in response to disturbances. Cold arousals may, therefore, represent a voluntary restriction of arousal temperature instead of loss of thermoregulatory control.
机译：冬眠动物利用冬眠[降低的体温（T（b））和代谢率]来减少冬季的能量消耗。周期性的唤醒到正常的T（b）是消耗能量的，所以冬眠者权衡唤醒的益处和能量消耗。这对患有白鼻综合征（WNS）的蝙蝠尤为重要，WNS是一种真菌疾病，可导致觉醒频率增加。具有WNS的小棕蝙蝠（Myotis lucifugus）表现出内源性热原的上调和疾病行为。因此，我们假设WNS会引起以T（b）升高为特征的发热反应。冬眠者也可以在最小的T（b）增加的情况下获得唤醒的一些好处，从而避免完全唤醒的代价。我们比较了接种WNS的圈养灵芝的皮肤温度（T（sk））与假接种对照的皮肤温度（T（sk）。受感染的蝙蝠在觉醒期间重新加热到更高的T（sk），这与发烧反应一致。迟钝的T（sk）没有差异。在我们称之为“冷激”的过程中，蝙蝠在T（sk）升高2.2+/-0.3摄氏度后表现出运动，相比于&；gt；20摄氏度在正常觉醒时升高。感染蝙蝠和对照蝙蝠都出现了冷激，这表明它们不是WNS的病理生理后果。发热反应耗资巨大，可能会加剧患有WNS的蝙蝠的能量限制和脂肪过早消耗。当完全唤醒是不必要的或代价太高时，冷唤醒可以代表健康蝙蝠和受WNS影响的蝙蝠的节能机制。在冬眠期间观察到一些冷激，通常是对干扰的反应。因此，冷唤醒可能代表了对唤醒温度的自愿限制，而不是失去体温调节控制。

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