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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of community health >Mapping Food Insecurity-Related 2-1-1 Calls in a 10-County Area of Central Texas by Zip Code: Exploring the Role of Geographic Food Access, Urbanicity and Demographic Indicators
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Mapping Food Insecurity-Related 2-1-1 Calls in a 10-County Area of Central Texas by Zip Code: Exploring the Role of Geographic Food Access, Urbanicity and Demographic Indicators

机译：用邮政编码绘制德克萨斯州中部10县地区的2-1-1次致电绘制粮食不安全 - 呼叫：探索地理食品访问，城市性和人口指标的作用

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Food insecurity is a public health issue that affects 12% of Americans. Individuals living in food insecure households are more likely to suffer from conditions such as undernutrition, obesity and chronic diseases. Food insecurity has been linked to limited geographic access to food; however, past studies have used limited measures of access which do not fully capture the nuances of community context. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between food insecurity and geographic food access by level of urbanicity. 2-1-1 calls made in 2018 in Central Texas were classified as food needs versus non-food needs. Supermarket and convenience stores were mapped using ArcGIS. Geographic food access was operationalized as the presence of supermarkets and convenience stores: within the zip code; only in neighboring zip codes; and not located within or in neighboring zip codes. Descriptive statistics and binomial logistic regression were used to examine associations between geographic access and 2-1-1 food calls, stratified by level of urbanicity. 11% of the 2-1-1 calls made in 2018 (N = 55,405) were regarding food needs. Results showed that peri-urban and rural callers living in zip codes that only had supermarkets in neighboring zip codes had greater odds of calling about food needs compared to those that had supermarkets within the zip code. These findings indicate that geographic food access is associated with food insecurity, but this relationship varies by urbanicity. Thus, the development of food insecurity mitigation programs in peri-urban and rural areas is needed.
机译：粮食不安全是一个影响12%美国人的公共卫生问题。生活在食物不安全家庭中的个人更有可能患上营养不良、肥胖和慢性病等疾病。粮食不安全与获得粮食的地理位置有限有关；然而，过去的研究使用了有限的访问措施，不能完全捕捉社区环境的细微差别。本研究的目的是通过城市化水平探讨粮食不安全与地理粮食获取之间的关联。2018年在德克萨斯州中部拨打的2-1-1电话被归类为食品需求与非食品需求。超市和便利店使用ArcGIS绘制地图。随着超市和便利店的出现，地理上的食品通道开始运作：在邮政编码范围内；仅在相邻的邮政编码中；并且不位于邻近的邮政编码内。使用描述性统计和二项逻辑回归分析了地理访问和2-1-1食物呼叫之间的关联，并按城市化水平分层。2018年，11%的2-1-1电话（N=55405）与食品需求有关。结果显示，与那些在邮政编码内有超市的人相比，居住在邮政编码内只有超市的城市周边和农村地区的来电者打电话询问食品需求的几率更大。这些发现表明，地理上的粮食供应与粮食不安全有关，但这种关系因城市而异。因此，需要在城市周边和农村地区制定缓解粮食不安全的方案。

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