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Nitric oxide production in plants: an update

机译:植物中的一氧化氮产生:更新

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Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule in plant physiology. However, its production in photosynthetic organisms remains partially unresolved. The best characterized NO production route involves the reduction of nitrite to NO via different non-enzymatic or enzymatic mechanisms. Nitrate reductases (NRs), the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and the new complex between NR and NOFNiR (nitric oxide-forming nitrite reductase) described in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the main enzymatic systems that perform this reductive NO production in plants. Apart from this reductive route, several reports acknowledge the possible existence of an oxidative NO production in an arginine-dependent pathway, similar to the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity present in animals. However, no NOS homologs have been found in the genome of embryophytes and, despite an increasing amount of evidence attesting to the existence of NOS-like activity in plants, the involved proteins remain to be identified. Here we review NO production in plants with emphasis on the presentation and discussion of recent data obtained in this field.
机译:一氧化氮(NO)是植物生理学中的关键信号分子。然而,它在光合生物中的产生仍然部分没有解决。最具特色的NO生产途径是通过不同的非酶或酶机制将亚硝酸盐还原为NO。硝酸还原酶(NRs),线粒体电子传递链,以及在莱茵衣藻中描述的NR和NOFNiR(一氧化氮形成亚硝酸盐还原酶)之间的新复合物,是在植物中进行这种还原性NO生成的主要酶系统。除了这种还原途径外,一些报告承认精氨酸依赖途径中可能存在氧化NO生成,类似于动物体内的一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性。然而,在胚胎植物的基因组中没有发现NOS同源物,尽管越来越多的证据证明植物中存在NOS样活性,但相关蛋白质仍有待鉴定。在这里,我们回顾了工厂中的NO生产,重点介绍和讨论了该领域获得的最新数据。

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